宅基地制度改革减缓了农房闲置吗?--基于PSM和MA方法的实证分析  

Did Rural Homestead Institutional Reform Decrease the Number of Disused Farmhouses?An Empirical Analysis Based on the PSM and MA Methods

作　　者：郭君平[1] 仲鹭勍 曲颂[1] 谭清香[3] Guo Junping;Zhong Luqing;Qu Song;Tan Qingxiang

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业经济与发展研究所 [2]农业农村部农村合作经济指导司 [3]中国社会科学院农村发展研究所

出　　处：《中国农村经济》2020年第11期47-61,共15页Chinese Rural Economy

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目《宅基地制度改革对传统村落古民居活化利用的影响研究》(20CGL032);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费项目《闲置农房盘活利用政策研究》与《宅基地三权分置权能配置与实现机制》的资助。

摘　　要：基于全国30个省(市、区)200个县(市、区)31288个行政村的问卷调查数据,本文综合运用倾向得分匹配(PSM)和中介分析法(MA),重点剖析了宅基地制度改革对农房闲置的减缓效应及影响机制,并比较了不同经济区域、地理区位及村庄规模下的组群差异。研究表明:宅基地制度改革能有效降低农房闲置程度,而且对季节性闲置农房的盘活效力大于对常年闲置农房的作用,不仅使行政村农房总闲置率、季节性闲置率、常年闲置率分别净下降2.321、2.051和0.270个百分点,也使每百户农房总闲置数、季节性闲置数、常年闲置数依序净减少2.408栋、2.114栋和0.294栋。相比其他不同类型村庄,宅基地制度改革对特大型村、中郊村以及西部地区村庄农房闲置的减缓效应更大且显著。此外,宅基地取得或宅基地流转在宅基地制度改革与农房闲置之间均发挥了部分中介作用,有助于减缓农房总闲置和季节性闲置,但无助于减缓农房常年闲置。Based on the field survey data from 31288 villages,200 counties in 30 provinces in China,this article comprehensively applies the propensity score matching(PSM)model and mediation analysis(MA)method to emphatically examine the inhibiting effect and influencing mechanism of rural homestead institutional reform on disused farmhouses,and compares the group differences under varied economic areas,geographical locations and village sizes.The results indicate that rural homestead institutional reform can effectively reduce the disused degree of farmhouses,and its effect on seasonal vacancy is larger than that on perennial vacancy.To be specific,the total farmhouse vacancy rate,seasonal vacancy rate and perennial vacancy rate reduced by the homestead institutional reform are 2.321,2.051 and 0.270 percentage points,respectively.Meanwhile,the number of the total vacancy,seasonal vacancy and perennial vacancy can also decrease by 2.408,2.114 and 0.294 buildings,respectively.Compared with other different types of villages,the homestead institutional reform has much larger and more significant inhibiting impacts in oversized villages,in-between suburban villages and western villages.In addition,the homestead acquisition and its use right transfer play a mediating role in the homestead institutional reform,which contributes to decreasing the total vacancy and seasonal vacancy rather than the perennial vacancy.

关 键 词：宅基地制度改革 农房闲置 倾向得分匹配 中介分析法 

分 类 号：F321.1[经济管理—产业经济]