民初平政院对官民土地所有权纠纷的裁判  

The Pingzhengyuan’s Judgment on Land Ownership Disputes between Government and Civilians

作　　者：袁春兰[1] Yuan Chunlan

机构地区：[1]西南政法大学西南民族法文化研究中心

出　　处：《政法论坛》2020年第6期148-154,共7页Tribune of Political Science and Law

基　　金：“重庆市教委人文社科研究项目:清代重庆地方志中的民商事习惯研究”(项目编号:20JD024)的研究成果。

摘　　要：民初由于国有土地私有化进程加快、土地流转频繁,因此,围绕土地所有权的讼争构成了民初法律实践的重要场景之一。土地所有权讼争的事由有政府为制止私人纠纷而没收争议地、政府认为私人侵占官地而收归国有、个人认为政府非法处分私人土地三种。平政院作为北洋政府时期最高行政审判机关,在处理土地所有权讼争的过程中,除依据国家制定法外,也援用了民间交易习惯和条理。管窥土地所有权纠纷案件的行政审判实践,彰显出民初个人权利意识的逐渐觉醒,平政院为维护个人权益、监督政府行为、推动法治进程所做的殷殷努力昭然于世。At the beginning of the Republic of China,due to the accelerated process of privatization of stateowned land,land circulation was frequent.Therefore,litigation surrounding land ownership constituted one of the important scenes of legal practice in the early Republic of China.Land ownership disputes include the government’s confiscation of the disputed land to stop private disputes,the government’s belief that private land has been infringed and nationalization,and the individual’s belief that the government illegally disposes of private land.As the highest administrative judicial organ during the Beiyang government,the Pingzhengyuan used private transaction customs and rules in addition to state-enacted laws in handling land ownership disputes.A glimpse of the administrative trial practice of land ownership disputes shows the gradual awakening of individual rights awareness in the early Republic of China.The Pingzhengyuan’s efforts to safeguard individual rights,supervise government actions,and promote the process of rule of law are evident to the world.

关 键 词：行政诉讼 土地权属 平政院 权利觉醒 保障私权 

分 类 号：D929[政治法律—法学]