库尔勒香梨幼果不同部位植物内源激素含量对果实萼片脱落的影响  

Effect of plant endogenous hormone content in different parts of Korla fragrant young fruit on calyx leaving

作　　者：木合塔尔·扎热[1,2] 阿卜杜许库尔·牙合甫[1] 玉山·库尔班[3] 李疆[2] MUHTAR Zari;ABDUXUKUR Ykup;YUSAN Kurban;LI Jiang(institute of Economic Forest,Xinjiang Academy of Forestry Sciences,Urumqi 830063,China;Colleges of Forestry and Horticulture,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;Forestry Bureaus of Aksu Area,Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,Aksu,Xinjiang 843000,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆林业科学院经济林研究所,乌鲁木齐830063 [2]新疆农业大学林学与园艺学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [3]新疆维吾尔自治区阿克苏地区林业局,新疆阿克苏843000

出　　处：《植物生理学报》2020年第10期2179-2186,共8页Plant Physiology Journal

基　　金：2020年度自治区“主要林果种质资源创新项目”和自治区十二五科技重大专项(201130102-1)。

摘　　要：以库尔勒香梨(Pyrus sinkiangensis)作为试验材料,在幼果萼片脱落期前后,研究宿萼果和脱萼果萼片与萼端中植物内源激素赤霉素(GA3)、吲哚-3-乙酸(IAA)和脱落酸(ABA)含量的变化趋势及其差异性,并探讨幼果萼片脱落期后不同时间剪除宿萼果萼片不同部位对其果实萼端形状的影响。结果表明:在幼果萼片脱落期前后(4月28日至5月8日),宿萼果与脱萼果实萼端、萼片中GA3、IAA和ABA含量的变化趋势均有明显差异,其中4月8日宿萼果萼端与萼片中的GA3、IAA和ABA含量之间均无差异,脱萼果萼端中的GA3和IAA含量均显著高于萼片,其值分别为(179.281±8.718)、(10.745±1.596)ng·g^-1,但其ABA含量在萼端与萼片间差异不显著。到5月3日时,宿萼果萼端和萼片中GA3、IAA和ABA含量仍然保持没有显著差异,但脱萼果萼端中GA3和IAA含量仍然保持显著高于萼片,同时其萼片中的ABA含量表现显著高于萼端的水平,萼片和萼端中的ABA含量分别为(4.678±0.622)、(3.786±0.212)ng·g^-1。到5月8日时,宿萼果的萼端中的GA3、IAA和ABA含量均呈现显著高于萼片。宿萼果萼片剪除试验结果表明,萼片以离层环带上端剪除(处理I)对宿萼果变成脱萼果具有明显的效果,尤其是在萼片脱落期后的前20 d时间效果比较明显,在5月18日、23日和28日处理I的正常脱萼果率分别为100%、92%和94%,之后的正常脱萼果率均低于90%。总而言之,库尔勒香梨果实萼片的自然脱落或宿存取决于在萼片离层明显期的离层两端植物内源激素含量的差异性,在萼片脱落期后的前20 d内对其萼片从环带区上端进行剪除,使宿萼果变成脱萼果具有显著的效果。Korla fragrant pear was used as experimental material,before and after the young fruit calyx leaving period,to study the change trend and difference on plant endogenous hormones such as gibberellic acid (GA3),indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and abscisic acid (ABA) contents in the part of calyx and calyx ends of calyx fruit and non-calyx fruit,and explore the effect of cutting off different parts of calyx young fruit on its calyx tip shape when different time after the young fruit calyx abscission stages.The results showed that there were significant differences change trend in the contents of GA3,IAA and ABA between the part of calyx end and calyx of calyx fruit and non-calyx fruit when before and after the young fruit calyx leaving period (April 28 to May8).On April 8,there was no significant difference in the contents of GA3,IAA and ABA between the part of calyx tip and calyx of calyx fruit,but the contents of GA3 and IAA in the part of calyx tip were significantly higher than the part of calyx of non-calyx fruit,the values were (179.281±8.718) and (10.745±1.596) ng·g^-1,respectively,but there was no significant difference in the contents of ABA between the part of calyx tip and calyx of non-calyx fruit.By May 3,as before there was no significant difference in the contents of GA3,IAA and ABA between the part of calyx tip and calyx of calyx fruit,but the contents of GA3 and IAA in the part of calyx tip were still significantly higher than the part of calyx of non-calyx fruit,and the contents of ABA in the part of calyx tip and calyx were (4.678±0.622) and (3.786±0.212) ng·g^-1,respectively.By May 8,the contents of GA3,IAA and ABA in the part of calyx tip were significantly higher than the part of calyx of calyx fruit.The results of the experiment that cutting off the calyx of the calyx fruit showed that,the cutting off the upper end of the abscission layer ring (treatment I) had a significant effect on the transformation of the calyx fruit into the non-calyx fruit,especially in the first 20 days after the young

关 键 词：库尔勒香梨 宿萼果 脱萼果 植物内源激素 

分 类 号：S661.2[农业科学—果树学]