Phytophthora Effectors Modulate Genome-wide Alternative Splicing of Host mRNAs to Reprogram Plant Immunity  

作　　者：Jie Huang Xinyu Lu Hongwei Wu Yuchen Xie Qian Peng Lianfeng Gu Juyou Wu Yuanchao Wang Anireddy SNReddy Suomeng Dong 

机构地区：[1]Department of Plant Pathology,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China [2]Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center,College of Forestry,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China [3]State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement,College of Horticulture,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China [4]Colorado State University,Program in Cell and Molecular Biology,Fort Collins,CO 80523,USA [5]Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests(Ministry of Education),Nanjing 210095,China [6]The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China

出　　处：《Molecular Plant》2020年第10期1470-1484,共15页分子植物（英文版）

基　　金：the Chinese National Science Fund(31901862,31772144,31721004);Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(SBK2019040604);China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2018M640494);the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Uni-versities(JCQY201904,KYXK202010).

摘　　要：Alternative splicing(AS)of pre-mRNAs increases transcriptome and proteome diversity,regulates gene expression through multiple mechanisms,and plays important roles in plant development and stress responses.However,the prevalence of genome-wide plant AS changes during infection and the mechanisms by which pathogens modulate AS remain poorly understood.Here,we examined the global AS changes in tomato leaves infected with Phytophthora infestans,the infamous Irish famine pathogen.We show that more than 2000 genes exhibiting significant changes in AS are not differentially expressed,indicating that AS is a distinct layer of transcriptome reprogramming during plant-pathogen interactions.Furthermore,our results show that P.infestans subverts host immunity by repressing the AS of positive regulators of plant immunity and promoting the AS of susceptibility factors.To study the underlying mechanism,we established a luminescence-based AS reporter system in Nicotiana benthamiana to screen pathogen effectors modulating plant AS.We identified nine splicing regulatory effectors(SREs)from 87 P.infestans effectors.Further studies revealed that SRE3 physically binds U1-70K to manipulate the plant AS machinery and subsequently modulates AS-mediated plant immunity.Our study not only unveils genome-wide plant AS reprogramming during infection but also establishes a novel AS screening tool to identify SREs from a wide range of plant pathogens,providing opportunities to understand the splicing regulatory mechanisms through which pathogens subvert plant immunity.

关 键 词：late blight PHYTOPHTHORA INFESTANS alternative SPLICING SPLICING regulatory EFFECTORS plant immunity tomato 

分 类 号：S432.2[农业科学—植物病理学]