玉米秸秆与白杨落叶腐解前后有机物组成特征  

Composition Characteristics of Organic Matters from Corn Straw and White Poplar Leaves Before and After Decomposition

作　　者：张明阳[1] 窦森[1] 高洪军[2] 董炜华[3] ZHANG Mingyang;DOU Sen;GAO Hongjun;DONG Weihua(College of Resources and Environment,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,China;Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changchun 130033,China;College of Geography Science,Changchun Normal University,Changchun 130032,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学资源与环境学院,长春130118 [2]吉林省农业科学院,长春130033 [3]长春师范大学地理科学学院,长春130032

出　　处：《吉林农业大学学报》2020年第4期415-420,共6页Journal of Jilin Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41571231,31670527);国家科技专项(2016YFD0200304);吉林省高等学校秸秆综合利用高端科技创新平台[吉高平台字(2014)C-1];国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0300201-3)。

摘　　要：为了研究植物材料与其腐解产物之间有机物组成的关系,采用腐殖质组成修改法提取植物材料与其腐解产物中各有机组分,用重铬酸钾外加热法测定各组分含量。以秸秆、白杨落叶、腐解秸秆和腐解落叶为研究对象,以草甸黑土为对照(ck)。通过对2种材料腐解前后各有机物组分含量的对比,进一步了解植物材料腐解前后的变化。再与草甸黑土进行对比,研究植物材料腐解前后与完全腐殖化材料之间有机物含量的区别。结果表明:腐解过程可以提高碱提取酸沉淀物(胡敏酸)和碱提取酸溶物(富里酸)的含量以及碱提取酸沉淀物的相对含量,但会降低水溶物的含量与相对含量;2种植物材料经过腐解后,碱提取酸溶物相对含量向相反的方向变化;除秸秆腐解产物碱提取酸溶物外,植物材料腐解后,各有机组分相对含量更接近土壤。In order to study the relationship between organic matter composition of plant materials and their decomposition products,the humus composition modification method was used to extract each organic component from the mature and plant materials.The content of the extracts was determined by potassium dichromate external heating method.Corn straw,white poplar leaves,decomposed straw and decomposed leaves were used as the research object,and meadow black soil as the contrast.Through the comparison of the extracts of two kinds of plant materials,the changes of the plants before and after the decomposition of the plants were further understood.Compared with meadow black soil,the difference of organic matter content between plant materials before and after decomposition and completely decomposed materials was studied.The results showed that the content of alkali extracted acid precipitate substance and alkali extracted and acid dissolved substance and the relative content of alkali extracted acid precipitate substance could be increased during the decomposition process,but the content and relative content of water soluble substance were reduced;after the decomposition of two kinds of plant materials,the relative content of alkali extracted and acid dissolved substance changed in the opposite direction;in addition to alkali extracted and acid dissolved substance from straw decomposition products,the relative content of organic components in decomposing products was closer to that in soil after decomposition.

关 键 词：玉米秸秆 白杨落叶 碱提取酸沉淀物 碱提取酸溶物 有机碳 腐殖质 

分 类 号：S153.6[农业科学—土壤学]