人工智能对知识产权制度的挑战与破解——洛克“财产权劳动学说”视角下的路径选择  

On Challenges and Solutions of Artificial Intelligence to Intellectual Property System--Route Selection from the Perspective of Locke’s Labor Theory of Property

作　　者：刘鑫 LIU Xin

机构地区：[1]中南财经政法大学法学院 [2]中南财经政法大学知识产权研究中心

出　　处：《云南社会科学》2020年第6期138-145,185,共9页Social Sciences in Yunnan

基　　金：教育部、国家外专局高等学校学科创新引智计划(项目号:B18058)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：洛克“财产权劳动学说”作为证成财产权正当性的重要理论,常被用于论证知识产权制度的正当性,并成为知识产权制度的理论指引。但基于人工智能主体资格的缺失性及其智力创造方式的特殊性,以“财产权劳动学说”中“共有”“劳动”“需求”三要素为导向而建立起的知识产权法律规则面临着制度失灵的挑战。为此,不仅需要结合人工智能的自主创造特点对传统“财产权劳动学说”进行解释论层面的梳理,更需要立足人工智能的属性,以“财产权劳动学说”三要素为出发点,对既有知识产权法律规则进行立法论层面的改造,以此确保知识产权法对人工智能创造物法律保护与“财产权劳动学说”之间的理论契合,从而化解人工智能对知识产权制度所带来的挑战。John Locke’s Labor Theory of Property,a vital theory justifying the legitimacy of property rights,is often used to demonstrate the intellectual property system and has become a theoretical guide for the intellectual property system.However,due to the lack of subject qualification and the particularity of intellectual ways in the creation of artificial intelligence,the intellectual property system,which is established based on“common”,“labor”and“demand”——three elements in Locke’s Labor Theory of Property,is facing the challenge of system malfunction.Therefore,in order to ensure the theoretical fit between the intellectual property protection of artificial intelligence generatedcreations and the elements of Labor Theory of Property and resolve the challenge of artificial intelligence to intellectual property system,it is necessary to explain the traditional Labor Theory of Property based on the characteristics of independent creations of artificial intelligence,and to reconstruct the existing intellectual property laws and regulations based on the characteristics of artificial intelligence and the three elements.

关 键 词：人工智能:洛克“财产权劳动学说” 知识产权正当性 

分 类 号：D913.4[政治法律—民商法学]