台风登陆广东前后的地闪特征  

On the Characteristics of Cloud-Ground Lightning Around Typhoon Landfalls in Guangdong

作　　者：郭青 黄旭辉 刘三梅 罗碧瑜 高国靖 GUO Qing;HUANG Xu-hui;LIU San-mei;LUO Bi-yu;GAO Guo-jing(Meteorological Bureau of Meizhou,Meizhou 514021;School of Atmospheric Sciences,Chengdu University of Information Engineering,Chengdu,Sichuan 610225;Meteorological Bureau of Lianping County,Lianping 517100;Technical Support Center for Public Meteorological Security of Guangdong Province,Guangzhou 510640)

机构地区：[1]梅州市气象局,广东梅州514021 [2]成都信息工程大学大气科学学院,四川成都610225 [3]连平县气象局,广东连平517100 [4]广东省气象公共安全技术支持中心,广东广州510640

出　　处：《广东气象》2020年第6期44-47,53,共5页Guangdong Meteorology

基　　金：广东省气象局科研项目(GRMC2017M36)。

摘　　要：利用2006—2018年广东电力系统的地闪定位资料以及台风路径和强度资料,以同期登陆广东的38个台风过程闪电活动为研究对象,分析了广东登陆台风的时空分布特征以及不同强度台风登陆广东前后总的闪电特征。结果表明:2006—2018年在广东登陆的台风达到38个,年均约3个。平均单位台风闪电频数年际呈震荡变化;8月最多,5月最少;17:00最多,05:00最少。一般情况下,台风强度越强,登陆后闪电频数减少得更为迅速;而台风越弱,登陆后闪电频数减少得不明显,有些甚至出现了明显的增加。登陆前后闪电活动空间分布特征呈明显的结构非对称性,在台风移动方向上闪电活动更为活跃,闪电主要出现在其移动方向的左侧活动,台风有向其外围强闪电活动密集区域移动的趋势。不同等级的台风在登陆前后闪电的频数均主要集中在外雨带,单位台风登陆前后平均闪电密度呈"两高一低"型,即内核区、外雨带的闪电密度高于内雨带。Using the data of cloud-ground lightning data from the power grid of Guangdong,typhoon paths and intensity data from 2006 to 2018,this work studies the lightning activity in 38 visits of typhoons making landfall in the province during the same period and analyzes the spatiotemporal distributions of these typhoons and the lightning performance around the landfall of typhoons with different intensity.The result is shown as follows.For the years studied,a total of 38 typhoons made landfall in the province,about three each year on average.For each typhoon,the lightning frequency varies annually,with August having the most and May the least.It also differs diurnally,with 17:00 having the most and 05:00 the least.Generally,the stronger the typhoon,the more quickly the lightning frequency decreases after landfall.On the other hand,a weak typhoon is accompanied by less significant decrease or even significant increase of lightning frequency.Around landfall,lightning is so asymmetrically structured that it is more active in the moving direction of the typhoon and mostly seen on its left side.The typhoon tends to move towards the area of concentrated lightning activity at the periphery.Whether it is prior to or after landfall,lightning mostly occurs in rain bands outside of the typhoon regardless of the intensity.For every single typhoon visit,average lightning is denser in the inner core and external rain band than in the inner rain band,showing a pattern of two highs versus one low.

关 键 词：气候学 台风 地闪频数 正负地闪 广东 

分 类 号：P46[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]