山东省滨海旅游度假区水体环境典型全氟化合物污染特征及潜在生态风险  

Contamination Characteristics and Potential Ecological Risks of Typical Perfluoroalkyl Substances in the Water and Sediment of Coastal Tourism Resorts in Shandong Province

作　　者：王世亮[1] 曹雪稚 WANG Shi-liang;CAO Xue-zhi(School of Life Sciences,Qufu Normal University,Qufu 273165,China;School of History and Culture,Qufu Normal University,Qufu 273165,China)

机构地区：[1]曲阜师范大学生命科学学院,曲阜273165 [2]曲阜师范大学历史文化学院,曲阜273165

出　　处：《环境科学》2020年第12期5428-5437,共10页Environmental Science

基　　金：山东省社会科学规划研究项目(19CHYJ06);山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2018MD007);国家自然科学基金项目(41301532)。

摘　　要：近年来,滨海旅游度假区蓬勃发展,其水体环境质量对人体健康有直接影响;全氟化合物(perfluoroalkyl substances,PFASs)在各环境介质中普遍被检出,因其潜在的毒性而引起广泛关注.以山东省20个滨海旅游度假区水和沉积物为对象,对其中12种典型PFASs的污染特征及其潜在生态风险进行了系统研究.结果表明,在20个度假区所有水体和绝大多数沉积物样品中12种PFASs都被检出;水和沉积物中PFASs的平均含量分别为67.91 ng·L^-1和5.89 ng·g^-1,全氟辛酸(perfluorooctanoic acid,PFOA)和全氟辛烷磺酸(perfluorooctanesulfonic acid,PFOS)都是含量占绝对优势的物质;不同度假区水和沉积物中PFASs总含量(ΣPFASs)及各同系物的含量具有明显差异;在不同度假区水/沉积物体系12种PFASs的分配系数差异明显,长链PFASs(碳原子数≥7)具有更大的分配系数;城市工业废水和生活污水的排放是度假区水和沉积物PFASs的主要来源,水体盐度和沉积物有机质含量不是PFASs在水/沉积物之间分配的决定性影响因素;所有滨海旅游度假区水体环境中,PFOS和PFOA可能存在较大潜在生态风险.Coastal tourism resorts have been developing rapidly in recent years,and the quality of their waterbodies directly affects human health.Perfluoroalkyl substances(PFASs)are found in every environmental medium and have garnered widespread social concern because of their potential ecological harm.This study investigated the contamination characteristics and potential ecological risks of 12 PFASs in the water and sediment of 20 coastal tourism resorts in Shandong Peninsula.The results revealed that all targeted pollutants were observed in the water and most sediment samples collected from the coastal tourism resorts.The sum of the 12 PFASs(ΣPFASs)averaged 67.91 ng·L^-1 and 5.89 ng·g^-1 in the water and sediment,respectively.The predominant compounds were perfluorooctanoic acid(PFOA)and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid(PFOS)in both water and sediment.TheΣPFASs and its homologues concentration indicated the spatial variations in the water and sediment of different tourism resorts,and the values were higher in the tourism resorts near the city center and the industrial areas than in other areas.The partition coefficient(Kd)of all the target compounds in the water/sediment system of different tourism resorts showed obvious differences.In addition,the Kdof the compounds with longer carbon chains(C≥7)generally had higher Kdvalues,which suggests that long-chain PFAAs are prone to adsorption by sediment.Therefore,the discharge of municipal industrial wastewater and domestic sewage is the main source of contamination.The salinity of water and the total carbon contents of sediment did not show any effect on the partition of PFASs in the water/sediment system.PFOS and PFOA might have great potential ecological risks in the water environment of all tourism resorts.

关 键 词：全氟化合物(PFASs) 空间分布 分配 滨海旅游度假区 山东 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]