曳引电梯新型磁流变制动装置设计与性能实验  

Design and performance tests of a new MR braking device for traction elevator

作　　者：陈凯峰 郑祥盘 CHEN Kaifeng;ZHENG Xiangpai(Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Motion Control,Minjiang University,Fuzhou 350108,China;College of Mechanical Engineering and Automation,Fuzhou University,Fuzhou 350108,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省先进运动控制重点实验室(闽江学院),福州350108 [2]福州大学机械工程及自动化学院,福州350108

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2020年第23期165-175,共11页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：福建省引导性科技项目(2019H0028);福州市科技计划项目(2018G85);闽江学院校级项目(MYK18025)。

摘　　要：电梯在城市化建设的高速发展中起到越来越重要的作用。现有曳引电梯制动装置采用的是接触摩擦式电磁制动装置,存在振动冲击大、噪音高和安全保护不足的缺点,不能满足更高的乘运舒适性和安全性要求。基于磁流变效应的新型可控装备,具有易于控制和较低工作噪声等特点,极具工程应用前景。根据曳引电梯制动工况要求,为提升装置性能及制动安全性,基于磁流变效应并结合永磁体制动原理,设计一种具有带有自保护双重安全保护的新型电梯制动装置。以此分析新型的磁流变制动装置工作原理,建立装置的制动力矩数学模型并理论分析不同参数对制动性能的影响。结合电梯零速制动和紧急制动的工作特点确定实验内容,搭建制动性能测试平台并对其展开制动力矩测试、温度特性实验和工作噪声研究。实验结果表明,研制的带有自保护和散热的电梯磁流变制动装置具有较高的制动力矩及较低的温升,并且具有低振动和低噪声的特点,满足设计要求。With rapid development of urbanization construction,elevators play more and more important role.The existing traction elevator braking device adopts contact friction type electromagnetic one with large vibration impact,high noise and insufficient security protection,it can’t meet the requirements of higher ride comfort and safety.A new controllable brake based on magnetorheological(MR)effect with advantages of easy to control and lower working noise is very promising for engineering application.Here,according to braking working condition requirements of traction elevator,to improve the device performance and braking safety,based on MR effect and the principle of permanent magnet braking,a new type of elevator brake with self-protection and double-protection was designed.Through analyzing the working principle of the new MR brake,the braking moment mathematical model of the device was established and influences of different parameters on braking performance were theoretically analyzed.According to working characteristics of elevator zero speed braking and emergency braking,test contents were determined,and the braking performance test platform was built to conduct braking torque testing,temperature characteristics one and working noise study.The test results showed that the developed elevator MR braking device with self-protection and heat radiation has higher braking torque,lower temperature rising,lower vibration and noise level to meet the design requirements.

关 键 词：电梯 制动装置 磁流变效应 永磁体 制动性能 噪声 

分 类 号：TH113[机械工程—机械设计及理论]