乙烯利对‘库尔勒香梨’和‘新梨7号’脱萼率及果实品质的影响  

Effects of ethephon on the rate of calyx-abscission and fruit quality of‘Korla Fragrant Pear’and‘Xinli No.7’

作　　者：陈燕 张倩 董玉忠[1] 陶书田[2] 张天正 包建平[1,3,4] CHEN Yan;ZHANG Qian;DONG Yuzhong;TAO Shutian;ZHANG Tianzheng;BAO Jianping(College of Plant Science, Tarim University, Alar 843300, China;College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095, China;The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of High Efficiency and Superior-Quality Cultivation and Fruit Deep Processing Technology of Characteristic Fruit Trees in South Xinjiang, Alar 843300, China;Xinjiang Production & Construction Corps Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Biological Resources in Tarim Basin, Alar 843300, China)

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学植物科学学院,新疆阿拉尔843300 [2]南京农业大学园艺学院,江苏南京210095 [3]南疆特色果树高效优质栽培与深加工技术国家地方联合工程实验室,新疆阿拉尔843300 [4]新疆生产建设兵团塔里木盆地生物资源保护利用重点实验室,新疆阿拉尔843300

出　　处：《河南农业大学学报》2020年第6期949-955,共7页Journal of Henan Agricultural University

基　　金：新疆生产建设兵团重大科技专项项目(2017DB006);国家自然科学基金项目(31860528);南京农业大学-塔里木大学青年教师开放科研基金项目(NNTDLH1501)。

摘　　要：以‘库尔勒香梨’和‘新梨7号’为试材,于大蕾期进行不同质量浓度的乙烯利处理,研究乙烯利对‘库尔勒香梨’和‘新梨7号’脱萼率及果实品质的影响。结果表明,乙烯利处理可增加‘库尔勒香梨’脱萼果率、可溶性固形物、维生素C(Vitamin C,VC)含量和出汁率,其中以200 mg·L-1乙烯利效果最佳,与对照处理相比,其脱萼果率、可溶性固形物、VC含量、干物质含量和出汁率分别提高了8.66%,2.29%,19.61%,15.26%,3.95%,‘香梨’果形指数、硬度和石细胞含量在200 mg·L-1乙烯利处理时与对照相比分别降低了7.59%、9.89%、9.05%,单果质量和果实纵横径与对照相比略有降低,但差异不显著。乙烯利处理可增加‘新梨7号’脱萼果率、单果质量、可溶性固形物、VC含量和干物质含量。其中以200 mg·L-1乙烯利处理效果最佳,与对照相比,脱萼果率、单果质量、可溶性固形物、VC含量和干物质含量分别增加了9.66%,11.41%,1.73%,20.94%,33.0%,其果形指数、硬度、石细胞和出汁率,与对照处理相比略有降低,但差异不显著。因此,综合外源乙烯利对‘库尔勒香梨’和‘新梨7号’脱萼率、果实外观品质和内在品质的影响,在大蕾期,宜喷施200 mg·L-1的乙烯利。In this experiment,‘Korla fragrant pear’and‘Xinli No.7’were used as test materials,rate of calyx-abscission and fruit quality of‘Korla Fragrant Pear’and‘Xinli No.7’,both treated with various concentrations of ethephon during the large flower bud period were studied.The results showed that ethephon treatment could increase the rate of calyx-free fruits,soluble solids,Vitamin C(VC)content and juice yield of‘Korla fragrant pear’.Among them,the effect of 200 mg·L-1 ethephon was the best.Compared with the control treatment,the rate of calyx-free fruits,soluble solid,VC content and juice yield were increased by 8.66%,2.29%,19.61%and 3.95%,respectively.The fruit shape index,hardness and stone cell content of pear decreased by 7.59%,9.89%and 9.05%respectively compared with the control when treated with 200 mg·L-1 ethephon,and the single fruit quality and fruit diameter decreased slightly compared with the control,but the difference was not significant.Ethephon treatment could increase the rate of calyx-free fruits,single fruit weight,soluble solids,VC content and dry matter content of‘Xinli No.7’,among which 200 mg·L-1 ethephon had the best effect.Compared with the control,the calyx-free fruit rate,single fruit weight,soluble solid content,VC content and dry matter content increased by 9.66%,11.41%,1.73%,20.94%and 33.0%,respectively.The fruit shape index,hardness,stone cell and juice yield of the treatment decreased slightly compared with the control,but the difference was not significant.Therefore,200 mg·L-1 ethephon should be sprayed to‘Korla Fragrant Pear’and‘Xinli No.7’for improving fruit calyx dropping rate,fruit quality,and the ethephon content at the large flower bud period.

关 键 词：梨 乙烯利 脱萼率 果实品质 

分 类 号：S661.2[农业科学—果树学]