桥梁拉索内部断丝电磁探测技术研究  

Research on Using Electromagnetic Detection Technology to Identify Broken Wires in Bridge Cables

作　　者：王翔 WANG Xiang(State Key Laboratory for Health and Safety of Bridge Structures,Wuhan 430034,China;China Railway Bridge Science Research Institute,Ltd.,Wuhan 430034,China)

机构地区：[1]桥梁结构健康与安全国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430034 [2]中铁大桥科学研究院有限公司,湖北武汉430034

出　　处：《桥梁建设》2020年第6期27-32,共6页Bridge Construction

基　　金：湖北省技术创新专项项目(2018AAA029);中国中铁股份有限公司科技研究开发计划项目(2019-重点-10)。

摘　　要：针对传统漏磁法应用于桥梁拉索检测的不足,提出了以励磁线圈和探测线圈为核心的拉索内部断丝正交脉冲电磁探伤技术,根据该技术研制断丝电磁探测装置并对该装置的参数进行优化;搭建预设标准断丝的足尺拉索试验平台,通过爬索机器人携带的电磁探测装置进行断丝试验研究。结果表明:采用脉冲大电流激励线圈能够很好地使大直径斜拉索进行交变励磁,励磁效率高、穿透能力强,平均功耗小;正交环向密布的探测线圈阵列实现了拉索环向的全覆盖检测,提高了拉索断丝检测的数据可靠性,灵敏度在4‰左右;电磁探测装置结构轻巧,能和爬索机器人结合,可实现高空拉索的无损检测,可应用于拉索的定期常规检测。The magnetic flux leakage method is commonly used in cable flaw detection.To address the limitations of this method,the orthogonal pulse electromagnetic flaw detection technology with excitation coils and detection coils as cores is proposed,which can be used to detect broken wires in stay cables.Based on the technology,electromagnetic apparatus for broken wire detection is developed,and the related parameters are optimized.A full-scale cable testing platform with preset broken wires is built,and the cable detection robot that is equipped with electromagnetic detection apparatus is employed to conduct experimental study of broken wires.The results show under large pulse current,the excitation coils can impose alternating magnetic excitations to the stay cables,with high excitation efficiency,strong penetration and low average power consumption.The circular detection coils arranged orthogonal to each other can realize the full-coverage detection of the stay cables,improving the reliability of data collected in the broken wire detection,with a sensitivity of 4‰.The electromagnetic detection apparatus is compact and compatible with cable detection robot,which can realize overhead non-destructive detection of stay cables and can be used to carry out routine inspection of stay cables.

关 键 词：桥梁结构 拉索 断丝 正交脉冲电磁探伤技术 磁场 电磁探伤装置 无损检测 

分 类 号：U443.38[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程] U446.3[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]