低密度养殖模式下中国明对虾社会交互效应的遗传分析  

Genetic analysis of social interaction effect of Fenneropenaeus chinensis at low rearing density

作　　者：李波波 栾生[1,3] 柴展 隋娟[1,3] 罗坤 孟宪红[1,3] 陈宝龙 曹宝祥[1,3] 刘宁 孔杰[1,3] LI Bobo;LUAN Sheng;CHAI Zhan;SUI Juan;LUO Kun;MENG Xianhong;CHEN Baolong;CAO Baoxiang;LIU Ning;KONG Jie(Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Marine Fisheries Resources,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China;College of Fisheries and Life Science,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes,Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology,Qingdao 266071,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,农业农村部海洋渔业可持续发展重点实验室,山东青岛266071 [2]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306 [3]青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室,海洋渔业科学与食物产出过程功能实验室,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《水产学报》2020年第12期1987-1996,共10页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31572616);泰山学者种业人才团队项目;现代农业产业技术体系专项(CARS-48);国家自然科学基金联合基金(U1706203);国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0901301)。

摘　　要：针对低密度养殖模式下中国明对虾收获体质量和眼球磨损性状的直接遗传效应(DGE)和间接遗传效应(IGE)进行了估计。为了准确估计中国明对虾收获体质量及眼球磨损性状的遗传参数,将来自G8和G9代的178个被标记的家系(G8代88个全同胞家系,G9代90个全同胞家系),共计6 408尾中国明对虾,每个家系分成3组(每组12尾),随机放入3个不同的圆缸(半径100 cm),其中,G8代88个圆缸,G9代90个圆缸。每个圆缸包含3个不同的家系,1个家系共与其他6个家系进行组合,生长测试80 d后对体质量及眼球磨损性状进行测量和评估。结果显示,使用传统的动物模型获得收获体质量的遗传力为0.11±0.05,属低遗传力水平。似然比检验结果表明,需要将IGE效应包含在模型中(LRT=5.26)。利用包含IGE的扩展动物模型估计得到的总遗传方差由DGE方差(43%)、DGE-IGE协方差(24%)和IGE方差(33%)组成,占表型方差的24%,是传统动物模型获得的遗传力的2倍多(11%)。由DGE-IGE协方差估计出收获体质量的DGEIGE相关系数为0.32±0.45,属中度正相关,表明由于养殖密度较低,组内个体间社会交互形式为非竞争行为。利用不包含IGE的logit模型获得眼球磨损性状的遗传力估计值为0.05±0.03,属低遗传力水平。包含IGE的总遗传方差占表型方差的比值(T 2)为2.75,显著大于1,是不包含IGE的logit模型获得的遗传力的58倍多(0.05)。上述结果表明,社会交互行为对中国明对虾收获体质量产生了更多可利用的遗传变异。与收获体质量相比,眼球磨损性状更易受个体间社会交互行为的影响,可将眼球是否磨损作为个体间社会交互行为结果的一个性状。This study evaluated the direct genetic effects(DGE) and indirect genetic effects(IGE) of Fenneropenaeus chinensis harvest body weight and eyeball abrasion at low rearing density. In order to accurately estimate the genetic parameters of harvest body weight and eyeball abrasion of F. chinensis, 6 408 shrimps from 178 tagged families of G8 and G9 generations(88 families in G8 and 90 families in G9) were tested. Each family was divided into three groups(12 shrimps per group), which were randomly placed in 3 different round cylinders(radius was100 cm). A total of 88 cylinders were used in G8, 90 cylinders were used in G9. Each cylinder contained three different families. One family was combined with 6 other families. The harvest body weight and eyeball abrasion were recorded and evaluated after an 80-day growth test. The results showed that the heritability estimated for harvested body weight was low using the conventional animal model, which was 0.11±0.05. The results of likelihood ratio test showed that IGE should be included in the model(LRT=5.26). Total heritable variance of harvested body weight from the extended animal model containing IGE included DGE variance(43%), DGE-IGE genetic covariance(24%) and IGE variance(33%), which accounted for 24% of the phenotypic variance and more than twice the classical heritability(11%). The direct-indirect genetic correlation coefficient of harvested body weight estimated from DGE-IGE covariance was 0.32±0.45, which was a moderate positive correlation. The results indicated that the social interaction among individuals within the group was non-competitive because of the low breeding density. The heritability of eyeball abrasion using the logit model without IGE was low, which was 0.05 ± 0.03. The ratio of total genetic variance including IGE to phenotypic variance was significantly greater than 1, which was2.75(T 2). It was more than 58 times(0.05) of the heritability estimated from the logit model without IGE. Our results showed that social interactions produced more ge

关 键 词：中国明对虾 低密度 间接遗传效应 遗传相关 眼球磨损 

分 类 号：S968.22[农业科学—水产养殖]