培土施肥对麻竹笋用林生长及经济效益的影响  

Effects of Soil Cultivation and Fertilization Measures on Growth and Economic Benefitsof Dendrocalamus latiflorus

作　　者：陈江海 CHEN Jianghai(Zhangping Forestry Bureau,Zhangping 364400,Fujian,China)

机构地区：[1]漳平市林业局,福建漳平364400

出　　处：《福建林业科技》2020年第4期48-52,共5页Journal of Fujian Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：福建省林业科技项目(笋用竹林高效培育新模式创新研究与应用,闽林科便函[2019]16号)。

摘　　要：2016年在福建省漳平市永福镇元沙村,对2010年人工栽培的本地种源麻竹林采用培土、培土+笋前施有机肥、培土+笋前施有机肥+笋期追肥3种措施,以不培土+不施肥的处理为对照,探讨培土施肥对竹笋生长和竹林经济效益的影响。结果表明,培土+施肥可使竹林出笋时间提早24 d,出笋期延长42 d,鲜笋产量提高3.1~5.4倍。3种措施可使新竹成竹比例提高13%~22%,竹高增加1~2.5 m,胸径增加1.4~3.1 cm,竹林的经济效益增加2~8倍。其中以培土+笋前施有机肥+笋期追肥措施效果最好,可使初笋期提前、笋期延长和竹笋产量大幅度提高,投入产出比最高,是麻竹笋用林实现高产高效的主要培育措施。In 2016,in yuansha village,Yongfu Town,Zhangping City,Fujian Province,three measures including earthing up,earthing up with organic fertilizer application before shooting,earthing up with organic fertilizer application before shooting and fertilizing during shooting,were adopted for investigating the effects of earthing up and Fertilization on bamboo shoot growth and economic benefits of the local bamboo forest cultivated in 2010,the treatment without earthing up and fertilization was used as control.The results showed that the measures can promote growing of shoots,the bamboo shoot time was 24 days in advance,the shooting period was prolonged by 42 days,and the yield of fresh shoots increased by 3.1~5.4 times.All of the three measures enhanced the proportion of new bamboo by 13%~22%,increased the height of bamboo by 1~2.5 m,enlarged the diameter of the bamboo by 1.4~3.1 cm,and increased the economic benefit by 2~8 times.The measure of earth up with application of organic fertilizer before shooting and fertilizing during shooting achieved the best result,which made Initial shoot stage in advance,prolonged shooting period,and increased output of bamboo shoots greatly,reaching the highest input-output ratio,therefore is the main cultivation measure for high yield and high efficiency of Dendrocalamus latiflorus shoot forest.

关 键 词：麻竹 培土 施肥 经济效益 

分 类 号：S795.5[农业科学—林木遗传育种] S725.5[农业科学—林学]