福建高山露地草莓育苗杂草防治模式研究  

Study on Weed Control of Strawberry Seedling in Alpine Open Field of Fujian Province

作　　者：庄志鸿[1] 彭元层 郑益平[1] 陈坚[1] 朱炳耀[1] ZHUANG Zhi-hong;PENG Yuan-chen;ZHENG Yi-ping;CHEN Jian;ZHU Bing-yao(Institute of biotechnology,Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Fuzhou,Fujian 350003,China;Bureau of agriculture,Jiaocheng District,Ningde,Fujian 352100,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省农业科学院生物技术研究所,福建福州350003 [2]福建省宁德市蕉城区农业局,福建宁德352100

出　　处：《东南园艺》2020年第4期36-40,共5页Southeast Horticulture

基　　金：福建省属公益类科研院所基本科研专项(2017R1019-8)。

摘　　要：福建高山露地草莓育苗多采用人工除草方法,费工增加育苗成本。为探寻防控杂草最佳模式,我们开展了黑膜覆盖+50%丁草胺+16%甜菜安宁+20%精哇禾灵(黑膜覆盖模式)、50%丁草胺+甜菜安宁+盖草能(纯化学模式)、废菌渣覆盖等不同模式防控试验,以人工除草和空白为对照,进行了不同时期株防效、鲜重防效、子苗产量、成本统计和病虫害发生与商品性观察。试验结果表明:黑膜覆盖模式,在除草效果、所育种苗数量、商品性都优于其他处理模式,在育苗用工成本上比对照人工成本明显降低,每667 m2节约除草成本3790元,是个较好的福建高山夏季育苗防草害育苗模式。纯化学模式除草效果尚可,但对草莓子苗影响较大,效果欠佳。废菌渣覆盖模式防除杂草效果与黑膜覆盖模式相当,所育的草莓苗植株健壮,叶色浓绿,病虫害少,卖相好,市场价值高,同时减少农药对土壤的污染,是较好的草莓育苗生态防草害模式,可进一步试验推广。The artificial weeding method is often used to raise strawberry seedlings in the high mountain and open field in Fujian Province.In order to find out the best model of weed control,we carried out the control experiments of different models,such as black film mulching+50%butachlor+16%Sugarbeet Anning+20%jingwaholing(black film mulching model),50%butachlor+Sugarbeet Anning+straw covering energy(pure chemical model),waste bacterial residue mulching,and carried out the plant control effect,fresh weight control effect,seedling yield and cost statistics in different periods with artificial weeding and blank as the control Taking into account the occurrence of diseases and insect pests and commercial observation.The results showed that the black film mulching mode was superior to other treatment modes in weeding effect,seedling quantity and commercial quality.Compared with the artificial cost,the labor cost of seedling cultivation was significantly reduced,and the weeding cost was 3790 yuan per 667 m2,which was a better mode of seedling cultivation in summer in high mountains of Fujian Province.The control effect of pure chemical mode is acceptable,but it has a great influence on strawberry seedlings,and the effect is not good.The results showed that the control effect of waste residue mulching model was the same as that of black film mulching model.The strawberry seedlings cultivated by this model had strong plants,green leaves,few pests and diseases,good sales and high market value.At the same time,the pollution of pesticides to soil was reduced.It was a better ecological control model for strawberry seedlings,which could be further tested and popularized.

关 键 词：草莓 杂草 防治 研究 

分 类 号：S668.4[农业科学—果树学]