建基面保护层开挖爆破技术新进展  

New progress of blasting techniques for excavation of foundation surface protective layer

作　　者：刘亮 蔡联鸣 张玉柱 胡浩然 刘磊 余伟 LIU Liang;CAI Lian-ming;ZHANG Yu-zhu;HU Hao-ran;LIU Lei;YU Wei(Hubei Provincial Water Resources and Hydropower Planning Survey and Design Institute,Wuhan 430070,China;C hangjiang Institute of Survey,Planning,Design and Research,Wuhan 430010,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北省水利水电规划勘测设计院,武汉430070 [2]长江勘测规划设计研究院,武汉430010

出　　处：《工程爆破》2020年第6期42-49,共8页Engineering Blasting

摘　　要：为了研究在水利水电工程中岩石建基面保护层爆破开挖技术的进展,全面系统地阐述了几种常用的岩石建基面开挖爆破施工技术,并分析了这些方法的优缺点和工程应用情况:首先介绍传统的分层爆破开挖技术,包括岩石基础开挖步骤以及保护层厚度的选取;进而介绍当前工程中常用的轮廓爆破开挖技术,包括轮廓爆破岩石损伤机理,以及预裂爆破和光面爆破在工程中的组合应用;最后介绍垫层爆破开挖技术,包括空气垫层、水垫层以及柔性垫层爆破技术,并重点介绍了一种最新的聚-消能复合垫层爆破技术。In order to study the progress of blasting excavation technology of rock foundation surface in water conservancy and hydropower projects,several commonly used blasting techniques for excavation of rock foundation surface are introduced systematically,and the advantages and disadvantages of these techniques are analyzed when applying in engineering.First,the traditional layered excavation blasting technique is summarized,including the excavation steps of rock foundation and the thickness of protective layer.Then,the counter blasting excavation techniques are introduced,which are widely used in current blasting engineering,including the theory of rock damage and the combined application of pre-split blasting and smooth blasting in engineering.At last,the cushion blasting techniques are introduced,including air cushion,water cushion,soft cushion and the advanced precision blasting technique of blasting with energy shaped and dissipation composite cushion.

关 键 词：精细爆破 建基面保护层开挖 轮廓爆破 垫层爆破 聚-消能复合垫层爆破 

分 类 号：TD235.1[矿业工程—矿井建设]