新生儿重症监护室医院内感染主要病原菌构成、分布特征与护理干预  

Composition,distribution characteristics and nursing intervention of main pathogenic bacteria in neonatal intensive care unit nosocomial infection

作　　者：潘爱琴[1] 陈泽英[1] 陈德花 谢佐卿[1] PAN Ai-qin;CHEN Ze-ying;CHEN De-hua;XIE Zuo-qing

机构地区：[1]汕头市妇幼保健院,汕头市515041

出　　处：《护理实践与研究》2020年第23期111-113,共3页Nursing Practice and Research

摘　　要：目的探究新生儿重症监护室(NICU)院内感染主要病原菌构成及特点,为控制及预防NICU院内感染提供参考。方法选取本院2017年5月至2020年1月NICU的新生儿1905例,检测新生儿病原菌种类,分析其分布特征。结果NICU新生儿感染207例(10.87%),病原菌培养分离发现共计210株。其中,革兰阴性菌132株(62.86%),包括肺炎克雷伯菌51株,大肠埃希菌46株,鲍曼不动杆菌35株;革兰阳性菌60株(28.57%),包括表皮葡萄球菌36株,溶血葡萄球菌24株。病毒感染为轮状病毒10株(4.76%);真菌为热带假丝酵母菌8株(3.81%)。感染部位:呼吸道71例、肠道51例、血流48例、泌尿系统22例、皮肤软组织8例、心血管系统3例、其他4例。结论为降低新生儿重症监护室感染,应针对以上病原菌及感染部位,采取相应护理措施,以降低感染率。Objective To explore the composition and characteristics of the main pathogens of neonatal intensive care unit(NICU)nosocomial infection was set the study object to provide reference for the control and prevention of NICU nosocomial infection.Methods We selected 1,905 cases of newborns from NICU in our hospital from May 2017 to January 2020 to detect the types of neonatal pathogens and analyze their distribution characteristics.Results There were 207 cases(10.87%)neonatal infections in NICU,and a total of 210 strains of pathogenic bacteria were found.Among them,there were 132 strains(62.86%)of Gram-negative bacteria,including 51 Klebsiella pneumoniae,46 Escherichia coli,35 Acinetobacter baumannii,and there were 60 strains(28.57%)of Gram-positive bacteria,including 36 Staphylococcus epidermidis,Staphylococcus haemolyticus 24 plants.The virus infection was 10 strains(4.76%)of rotavirus,and the fungus was 8 strains(3.81%)of Candida tropicalis.In terms of classification of infection sites,there were 71 cases of respiratory tract,51 cases of intestine,48 cases of blood flow,22 cases of urinary system,8 cases of skin and soft tissue,3 cases of cardiovascular system,and 4 other cases.Conclusion In order to reduce infection in the neonatal intensive care unit,corresponding nursing measures should be taken for the above pathogens and infected parts to reduce the infection rate.

关 键 词：新生儿 重症监护室 病原菌 特征分析 

分 类 号：R473.72[医药卫生—护理学]