老挝玉米自交系配合力分析及杂种优势群划分  

Analysis on Combining Ability and Heterotic Grouping of Maize Inbred Lines from Laos

作　　者：江禹奉[1,2] Phongdara Bounsavath 程伟东 周海宇[1] 谢小东 周锦国[1,2] 谢和霞[1,2] 覃兰秋 时成俏[1,2] JIANG Yu-feng;PHONGDARA Bounsavath;CHENG Wei-dong;ZHOU Hai-yu;XIE Xiao-dong;ZHOU Jin-guo;XIE He-xia;QIN Lan-qiu;SHI Cheng-qiao(Maize Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Science,Guangxi Nanning 530007,China;Guangxi Sub-Center of National Maize Improvement Center,Guangxi Nanning 530007,China;Maize and Cash Crop Research Center.National Agriculture and Forestry Research Institute,Vientiane,Laos,P.0.Box:7170)

机构地区：[1]广西农业科学院玉米研究所,广西南宁530007 [2]国家玉米改良中心广西分中心,广西南宁530007 [3]Maize and Cash Crop Research Center,National Agriculture and Forestry Research Institute,Vientiane,Laos,P.O.Box:7170

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2020年第11期2417-2425,共9页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：广西重点研发计划项目(桂科AB16380141);广西创新驱动科技重大专项项目(桂科AA17204064);广西农业科学院创新团队项目(2015YT23);广西农业科学院基本科研业务专项(桂农科2018YM20)。

摘　　要：【目的】引进老挝玉米自交系并评价其利用价值,为我国玉米种质扩增及面向东盟国家玉米种业的种质创新和新品种选育提供理论依据。【方法】采用NCII遗传交配设计,以5份本地骨干系为测验种与15份老挝玉米自交系配制成75个测交组合,调查其在广西南宁种植的株高、穗位高、穗长、穗粗、穗行数、行粒数、秃尖长和产量等8个主要农艺性状,分析其配合力和杂种优势,并依据产量的特殊配合力(SCA)划分杂种优势群。【结果】15份老挝玉米自交系中有5份的产量一般配合力(GCA)效应值为正值,其中L08具有最高的GCA和SCA,产量高于桂单162(对照,CK)27.87%;SCA较高的组合有L04×X868、L05×X868、L13×X868、L02×X868、L10×X868和L15×X868,产量对照优势分别为10.78%、5.88%、4.76%、4.20%、4.06%和0.84%。依据75个测交组合产量的SCA,可将15份老挝玉米自交系和5份本地骨干系划分为温热种质群和热带种质群,其中热带种质群划分为2个亚群,第一亚群包括L02和GRL737,第二亚群包括L03、L04、L05、L06、L07、L08、L10、12、L13、L15、L17、L18、L21、L22、GRL173、GRL315和GRL21191。【结论】15份老挝玉米自交系与5份本地骨干系配制测交种的杂种优势总体上不明显,但其中自交系L08的产量GCA效应值最大,且与本地骨干系测交均具有较强的杂种优势,尤其与X868配制组合的产量最高,在我国玉米种质创新中具有较大的育种潜力;15份老挝玉米自交系和5份本地骨干系可划分为温热种质群和热带种质群。【Objective】The present paper aimed to evaluate potential utilization value of maize inbred lines from Laos and provide theoretical basis of germplasm enhancement in China and germplasm innovation and new varieties for maize seed industry in ASEAN countries.【Method】The NCII genetic mating design was conducted and five native elite inbred lines were used as tester lines and 15 maize inbred lines of Laos were used to make 75 test crosses.These crosses were planted in Nanning,Guangxi.Eight major agronomic traits were surveyed including plant height,ear height,ear length,ear diameter,rows per ear,kernel per row,barren tip length and yield per hectare,and its general combining ability(GCA)and heterosis were analyzed as well the heterotic groups classification based on special combining ability(SCA).【Result】There were 5 of the 15 maize inbred lines of Laos with a positive GCA.Among them,L08 had the highest GCA and SCA effects with a yield 27.87%higher compared to Guidan 162(control,CK).Other crosses with higher SCA were L04×X868,L05×X868,L13×X868,L02×X868,L10×X868,and L15×X868,and the yield comparative advantages were 10.78%,5.88%,4.76%,4.20%,4.06%,and 0.84%,respectively.In this study,the inbred lines were genotyped into two heterosis groups:Temperate-tropical germplasm group and tropical germplasm group,of which tropical germplasm groups were divided into two subgroups.The first subgroup included L02 and GRL737;And the second subgroup included:L03,L04,L05,L06,L07,L08,L10,L12,L13,L15,L17,L18,L21,L22,GRL315 and GRL21191.【Conclusion】The heterosis of test crosses between Laos maize inbred lines and five local elite lines are not obvious on the whole in this experiment,but L08 has the largest yield GCA effect,and it has a strong heterosis with 5 local elite lines.Among them,the yield of cross of L08×X868 is the highest,and it showed great breeding potential in Chinese maize germplasm innovation;15 Lao maize inbred lines and 5 local elite lines can be divided into temperature/tropical germplasm groups

关 键 词：玉米 配合力 杂种优势群 热带种质 老挝 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]