碳基土壤调理剂对烤烟生长期高肥力土壤的调理效果研究  

Effect of Different Carbon-based Soil Conditioners on High Fertility Soil During Flue-cured Tobacco Growing Period

作　　者：赵新梅 宋鹏飞 李枝武[1] 闫辉[1] 倪明[1] 陈兴位[1] 王炽[1] ZHAO Xin-mei;SONG Peng-fei;LI Zhi-wu;YAN Hui;NI Ming;CHEN Xing-wei;WANG Chi(Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Yunnan Kunming 650205,China;Research&Technology Center of Yunnan Industrial of China Tobacco Industry Co.,Ltd.,Yunnan Kunming 650231,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院农业资源环境研究所,云南昆明650205 [2]云南中烟有限责任公司技术中心,云南昆明650231

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2020年第11期2565-2571,共7页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：云南省农业科学院项目“土壤保育型有机肥料产品研发”(YAAS201901)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究3种碳基调理剂对高肥力土壤的调理效果。【方法】选取玉溪峨山、大理洱源2个蔬菜地土壤试验点进行田间试验。【结果】3种碳基调理剂的氮素供应能力远小于当地常规施肥,氮能有效满足作物的生长需求,对高肥力土壤养分的调节具有显著作用,尤其是在烤烟旺长期的调节作用较为突出。T2和T3土壤调理剂能显著降低土壤无机氮含量,试验结束时土壤无机氮含量为T1>T2>T3;在烤烟成熟时期T1、T2土壤调理剂与常规施肥具有类似效果,仍能持续供氮易造成烟株贪青晚熟,T3土壤调理剂可有效抑制烟株对氮素的吸收量,有利于烟叶成熟落黄和提高烟叶品质。此外,T3调理剂还能调节高肥力土壤的盈余状况,减少氮素流失。【结论】T3土壤调理剂能有效调节烟株对氮素的吸收,增加烟叶上等烟比例,从而增加烟叶产值。【Objective】The purpose of this paper is to explore the effects of three carbon-based soil conditioners on high fertility soil.【Method】Two vegetable field soil test sites in Yuxi and Dali were selected for field experiments.【Result】The nitrogen supply capacity of the three carbon-based conditioners was less than that of conventional fertilization.The nitrogen supply of three carbon-based soil conditioners could effectively meet the growth needs of crops and had a significant effect on the regulation of nutrients in high fertility soil,especially in the vigorous stage of flue-cured tobacco season.T2 and T3 soil conditioners could significantly reduce soil inorganic nitrogen content.At the end of the test,the soil inorganic nitrogen content was T1>T2>T3.At the maturity period of flue-cured tobacco,T1 and T2 soil conditioners had similar effects to conventional fertilization and could continually supply nitrogen which resulted to late ripening of tobacco leaves.But T3 soil conditioner could effectively inhibit the nitrogen absorption of tobacco plants,which was conducive to tobacco leaf maturity and yellowing,and finally improved the quality of tobacco leaves.In addition,T3 soil conditioner could also regulate the surplus of high fertility soil and reduce nitrogen loss.【Conclusion】T3 soil conditioner can effectively regulate the nitrogen absorption of tobacco plants,increase the proportion of top-quality tobacco,and thus increase the output value of tobacco.

关 键 词：碳基调理剂 高肥力土壤 氮素平衡 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]