高原地区某三甲医院葡萄球菌感染特征及耐药分析  

Infection distribution and drug resistance of Staphylococci in a grade A tertiary hospital in plateau region

作　　者：殷作明[1] 韩起 冯东方[1] 陈生林[1] Yin Zuoming;Han Qi;Feng Dongfang;Chen Shenglin(General Hospital of Tibet Military Region,Chinese PLA,Lhasa,Tibet,850000,China)

机构地区：[1]西藏军区总医院,拉萨850000

出　　处：《西南国防医药》2020年第12期1094-1098,共5页Medical Journal of National Defending Forces in Southwest China

基　　金：军队重点课题(BLB18J008)。

摘　　要：目的分析葡萄球菌在高原地区的感染特征及耐药特点。方法收集高原地区某三甲医院2015年9月~2018年8月间住院患者的临床标本,对其进行分离、培养、鉴定,分析总结高原地区葡萄球菌感染的临床分布及药敏结果。结果 360株葡萄球菌中共分为10个亚种,以金黄色葡萄球菌比例最高,占67.8%,在科室分布中骨科葡萄球菌检出比最高,达28.3%,标本类型中痰液标本葡萄球菌检出比最高,达40.3%。耐甲氧西林葡萄球菌总的检出率为67.8%,耐甲氧西林的金黄色葡萄球菌阳性率为61.9%,耐甲氧西林的凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌阳性率为82.3%,未检测到万古霉素耐药葡萄球菌。对于环丙沙星、庆大霉素、克林霉素、氯霉素这4种常见抗生素来说,耐甲氧西林葡萄球菌的药敏率明显低于甲氧西林敏感葡萄球菌。结论高原地区葡萄球菌的分布和耐药情况与平原地区不同,应加强高原地区细菌耐药性监测以便指导临床用药。Objective To analyze the infection distribution and drug resistance of Staphylococci in the plateau region.Methods The clinical specimens of patients admitted to a grade A tertiary hospital in the plateau region from September 2015 to August 2018 were collected for isolation, culture, and identification. Then the clinical infection distribution and drug resistance of Staphylococci in the plateau region were analyzed and summarized. Results The 360 strains of Staphylococci included 10 subspecies, of which the proportion of Staphylococcus Aureus topped and reached 67.8%. The distribution of Staphylococci by the department showed that the Orthopedics Department had the highest detection rate of Staphylococci, which reached 28.3%. The distribution of Staphylococci by specimen showed that sputum had the highest detection rate of Staphylococci, which reached 40.3%.The detection rates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococci(MRS), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA), and methicillinresistant coagulase-negativ e Staphylococci(MRCNS) were 67.8%, 61.9%, and 82.3%, respectively. No vancomycin-resistant Staphylococci was detected. For the common antibiotics such as ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, clindamycin, chloramphenicol, the drug resistance rate of MRS was significantly lower than that of methicillin-sensitive Staphylococci(MSS). Conclusion The distribution and drug resistance of Staphylococci in the plateau region were different from that in the plain area. Therefore, the monitoring of bacterial drug resistance in the plateau region should be enhanced to guide clinical medication.

关 键 词：高原 葡萄球菌 感染特征耐药分析 

分 类 号：R372[医药卫生—病原生物学]