禁抗前后规模鸡场环境中金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌对15种抗菌药的敏感性比较  

Comparison of the Sensitivity of Staphylococcus aureus and E.coli to 15 Kinds of Antibiotics in Scale Farms before and after the Ban on Antibiotics

作　　者：王会生 张佩[2] 杜逢艳 赵四正 张明 韩庆彦[3] Wang Huisheng;Zhang Pei;Du Fengyan;Zhao Sizheng;Zhang Ming;Han Qingyan(Lixian Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Station,Lixian,Gansu 742200,China;Shangluo Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Shangluo,Shaanxi 726000,China;Gansu Center for Animal Disease Prevention and Control,Lanzhou,Gansu 730046,China)

机构地区：[1]礼县畜牧兽医站,甘肃礼县742200 [2]商洛市疾病预防控制中心,陕西商洛726000 [3]甘肃省动物疫病预防控制中心,兰州730046

出　　处：《中国动物检疫》2021年第1期115-119,共5页China Animal Health Inspection

基　　金：甘肃省现代农业产业技术体系项目。

摘　　要：为了解规模鸡场两种环境细菌在禁抗前后耐药性的变化,以评估使用抗菌药对养殖场用药的影响,通过对禁抗前以及禁抗6个月后规模鸡场的环境进行采样,培养分离大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌(金葡菌),然后针对15种常见抗菌药物开展药敏试验,并对敏感性进行比对。结果显示:禁抗前规模鸡场分离的大肠杆菌对妥布霉素、林可霉素、头孢拉定、卡拉霉素等较敏感,而对磺胺异噁唑、土霉素、头孢唑林和青霉素等耐药;金葡菌对头孢曲松、卡拉霉素、头孢唑啉、氟苯尼考等较敏感,而对土霉素、磺胺异噁唑、庆大霉素、妥布霉素等耐药。禁抗6个月后,两种细菌对大部分抗菌药的敏感性都有不同程度的增加,但对土霉素、磺胺异噁唑、氟苯尼考、青霉素等的敏感性增加不多甚至有降低。结果表明禁抗总体上可以增强鸡场环境中两种细菌对抗菌药的敏感性,降低耐药性。本文为指导规模鸡场禁用和科学使用抗菌药物提供了数据支持。In order to identify the change of drug resistance of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli(E.coli)in scale chicken farms before and after the ban on antibiotics,and to evaluate the impact of the use of antibiotics on the farms,the environment of the farms was sampled before and 6 months after the ban,followed by isolation of E.coli and Staphylococcus aureus,then the sensitivity of the two kinds of bacteria to15 kinds of common antibiotics were tested and compared.The results showed that,before the ban,the E.coli isolated was more sensitive to Tobramycin,Lincomycin,Cefradine and Kalamycin,but resistant to Sulfamethoxazole,Oxytetracycline,Cefazolin and Penicillin;while Staphylococcus aureus was more sensitive to Ceftriaxone,Kalamycin,Cefazolin and Florfenicol,but resistant to Oxytetracycline,Sulfamethoxazole,Gentamicin and Tobramycin.Six months after the ban,the two bacteria were increasingly sensitive to most antibiotics to different extent,except to Oxytetracycline,Sulfamethoxazole,Florfenicol and Penicillin,the sensitivity to which was slightly increased or even decreased.In general,the sensitivity of the two bacteria could be improved in farms by the ban,and drug resistance was reduced accordingly.So the prohibition and scientific use of antibiotics could be guided and supported with data in farms.

关 键 词：抗菌药物 大肠杆菌 金葡菌 药敏试验 禁抗养殖 

分 类 号：S855.1[农业科学—临床兽医学]