华北地区油松人工林林分密度对土壤化学性质和酶活性的影响  

Effects of stand density on soil chemical properties and enzyme activity of Pinus tabulaeformis in north China

作　　者：王玲[1,2] 赵广亮[2] 周红娟[1] 杨英[1] 耿玉清[1] 王新杰[1] WANG Ling;ZHAO Guangliang;ZHOU Hongjuan;YANG Ying;GENG Yuqing;WANG Xinjie(Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Beijing Badaling Forest Farm,Beijing 102112,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学,北京100083 [2]北京市八达岭林场,北京102112

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2020年第12期9-16,33,共9页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：北京市财政专项(PXM2016-154309-000006,PXM2018-154309-000005);国家重点研发计划项目“东北天然次生林抚育更新技术研究与示范”(2017YFC050410101)。

摘　　要：【目的】通过分析林分密度对华北地区油松人工林土壤化学性质和酶活性的影响,筛选出适宜的林分密度,以促进土壤养分循环和林分稳定,从而为森林质量精准提升及森林生态系统可持续经营提供理论依据。【方法】以油松人工林为研究对象,通过分析4种林分密度(900、1260、1460和1660株·hm-2)不同土层(0~10和10~20 cm)土壤化学性质、酶活性的变化及化学性质和酶活性之间的关系,探究林分密度对土壤化学性质和酶活性的影响。【结果】1)1260株·hm-2的土壤pH值和铵态氮含量最大,900和1660株·hm-2的土壤水溶性有机碳和硝态氮含量较大,且均显著高于其他林分密度;2)土壤β-葡萄糖苷酶、亮氨酸氨基肽酶、几丁质酶、酸性磷酸酶和脱氢酶活性随林分密度的增大呈先增大后减小趋势,在密度为1260株·hm-2时其活性达最大。与900株·hm-2相比,其土壤酶活性分别显著提高了48.67%、28.10%、58.28%、33.87%和37.50%;而多酚氧化酶活性在1460株·hm-2时达最大;3)冗余分析表明,土壤有效磷、速效钾、有机碳、铵态氮和全氮与土壤酶活性呈极显著相关(P<0.01),但pH值、水溶性有机碳和硝态氮与土壤酶活性无显著相关(P>0.05)。【结论】1260株·hm-2的林分密度既有利于提高土壤酶活性,又提高土壤养分含量,为油松人工林生态系统的可持续经营提供科学依据。【Objective】In order to screensuitable stand density,which can promote soil nutrient circulation and forests stability,and provide theoretical basis for accurate improvement of forest quality and sustainable management of forest ecosystem,we analyze the effects of stand density on soil chemical properties and enzyme activity of Pinus tabulaeus plantation in north China.【Method】Pinus tabulaeformis plantation was taken as the research object.In order to explore different changes in soil chemical properties and enzyme activity,as well astheir relationships of two soil layers(0-10 and 10-20 cm)with different densities(900,1260,1460 and 1660 plants·hm-2)were analyzed.【Result】1)Among all stands,those with a density of 1260 plants·hm-2 has the highestsoil pH value and ammonium nitrogen concentration,and the concentrations of water-soluble organic carbon and nitrate nitrogen in 900 plants·hm-2and 1660 plants·hm-2are higher than other stand densities;2)The activities of soilβ-glucosidase,leucine aminopeptidase,β-N-acetylglucosaminidase,acid phosphatase and dehydrogenase increaseand then decrease with the increase of stand densities,reaching the maximum when the density is 1260 plants·hm-2.Compared with 900 plants·hm-2,the soil enzyme activities significantly increase by 48.67%,28.10%,58.28%,33.87%and 37.50%,respectively.However,the activity of phenol oxidase reached its maximum at 1460 plants·hm-2;3)The redundancy analysis shown that soil available phosphorus,available potassium,organic carbon,ammonium nitrogen and total nitrogen is significantly correlated with soil enzyme activity(P<0.01),but the correlation between pH value,water-soluble organic carbon,nitrate nitrogen and soil enzyme activity are not significant(P>0.05).【Conclusion】The density of 1260 plants·hm-2 is not only conducive to improving soil enzyme activity but also soil nutrient content,providing scientific basis for the sustainable management of P.tabulaeformis plantation ecosystem.

关 键 词：林分密度 油松人工林 土壤化学性质 酶活性 冗余分析 

分 类 号：S714[农业科学—林学]