施肥和修枝对材用樟树幼林生长的影响  

Effects of fertilization and pruning on growth of Cinnamonum camphora plantations

作　　者：刘新亮 刘蕾 何小三[1] 彭文才 符潮 温世钫 黄琴明 郭捷 李江[1] LIU Xinliang;LIU Lei;HE Xiaosan;PENG Wencai;FU Chao;WEN Shifang;HUANG Qinming;GUO Jie;LI Jiang(Jiangxi Academy of Forestry,Camphor Engineering and Technology Research Centre for National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Nanchang 330032,Jiangxi,China;Ganzhou Forestry Technology Extension Station,Ganzhou 341000,Jiangxi,China;Xunwu County Forestry Technology Extension Station,Ganzhou 342200,Jiangxi,China;Dingnan County Forestry Bureau,Ganzhou 341900,Jiangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省林业科学院国家林业和草原局樟树工程技术研究中心,江西南昌330032 [2]赣州市林业技术推广站,江西赣州341000 [3]寻乌县林业技术推广站,江西赣州342200 [4]定南县林业局,江西赣州341900

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2020年第12期54-59,共6页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：国家“十三五”重点研发计划子课题“樟树等珍贵树种定向培育技术集成与示范”(2017YFD0601102)。

摘　　要：【目的】探讨不同修枝强度和施肥水平对林分生长的影响,为樟树用材林的高效培育提供实践依据和技术支撑。【方法】以江西省定南县4年生材用樟树幼林为研究对象,采用均匀设计开展修枝和施肥试验,通过调查林分胸径、树高和冠径等指标,分析修枝和施肥对樟树幼林生长的影响,并建立林分产量的回归模型。【结果】修枝可显著提高樟树幼林的树高生长,其中1/4修枝强度下的林分树高增长量显著高于1/3修枝强度和不修枝(P<0.05),但对林分胸径、单株材积和林分蓄积的增长影响不显著(P>0.05)。林分胸径、树高、单株材积和林分蓄积随施肥量的增加表现为逐渐增大的趋势,其中1/4修枝强度和不修枝情况下不同施肥量间差异显著(P<0.05)。施肥量为150 g·株-1和225 g·株-1的林分胸径和单株材积增长量差异不显著(P>0.05),但均显著高于不施肥和75 g·株-1施肥条件下的林分胸径和单株材积(P<0.05)。施肥225 g·株-1+1/4修枝强度处理的林分胸径、树高、单株材积和林分蓄积均处于最高水平,综合生长表现最佳。施肥对樟树幼林胸径、树高和单株材积生长的影响大于修枝,其中林分单株材积增长量与修枝强度和施肥量呈现明显的二次多项式关系。【结论】施肥是影响樟树幼林生长的主要因素,综合考虑林木生长和树体干形,樟树人工林适宜的施肥和修枝组合为复合肥225 g·株-1+1/4修枝强度。【Objective】The effects of different pruning and fertilization on the growth of camphor plantations was studied to provide practical basis and technical support for the efficient cultivation of camphor timber.【Method】Using the uniform design U6(3×3),a trial with three pruning intensities and three fertilizing levels were conducted in a 4-year-old plantations of Cinnamonum camphor in Dingnan,Jiangxi.Based on the investigated data of tree height(H),diameter at breast height(DBH),and crown diameter(W),the effects of fertilization and pruning on the growth of camphora plantations were analyzed,and the regression model of stand yield was established by using regression analysis.【Result】Pruning could significantly improve the height growth of young camphor stand,but had no significant effect on DBH,individual volume(IV)and stand volume(SV)(P>0.05).The maximum increment of stand height was under 1/4 pruning intensity,which significantly higher than 0 and 1/3 pruning intensity under the same fertilization level(P<0.05).The DBH,H,IV and SV increased with the increase of fertilization,and there was significant difference between different fertilizing amount under 0 and 1/4 pruning intensity(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in DBH and IV between 150 g·plant-1 and 225 g·plant-1(P>0.05),but it was significantly higher than 0 g·plant-1 and 75 g·plant-1(P<0.05).The DBH,H,IV and SV reached the maximum level when at 225 g·plant-1+1/4 pruning intensity treatment.The relationship between the increment of IV and the pruning intensity and fertilizing amount was the quadratic polynomial.【Conclusion】Fertilization was the main factor affecting the growth of young camphor trees.Considering the stand growth and trunk shape culture,the optimum combination of fertilization and pruning was 225 g·plant-1+1/4 pruning intensity.

关 键 词：樟树 幼林 修枝强度 施肥 生长 

分 类 号：S792.23[农业科学—林木遗传育种]