对人类伴生动物中新型冠状病毒受体ACE2的进化分析  

Evolutionary Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 Receptor ACE2 Between Humans and Companion Animals

作　　者：阿里·马艳 黄鹰[1] Ali Mayan;Huang Ying(School of Life Sciences,Nanjing Normal Lniversity,Nanjing 210023,China)

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学生命科学学院,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《南京师大学报（自然科学版）》2020年第4期62-67,共6页Journal of Nanjing Normal University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31770810、31470778)。

摘　　要：自从新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2)引起的新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)被发现并报道以来,来自世界各地的科学家付出了巨大的努力来研究和尝试控制这种疾病.先前的研究表明,某些野生动物可能是人类与新型冠状病毒起源之间的中间宿主,一些人类伴生动物也可能被新型冠状病毒感染,这引起了对新型冠状病毒交叉感染的兴趣.因此,选择了一些可能与人类接触的动物,通过对新型冠状病毒受体ACE2的进化分析来估计不同动物对新型冠状病毒的敏感性.结果表明,一些伴生动物如猫科动物具有更高的感染可能性,而啮齿目动物(如与人类密切接触的大鼠和小鼠)的结果则相反,这与最近的动物实验和研究一致.这些结果应该引起人们与伴生动物或可能与人类接触的动物之间交叉感染的担忧,即使在新型冠状病毒的传播得到控制后,这些动物也可能变成冠状病毒库,并引起第二波或更多波感染.结果的另一面是,生物信息学分析在某些方面可以与实验保持一致,这样就可以防止在未来的实验中过多地牺牲实验动物.Since the COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 discoved and reported,scientists from all over the world have paid tremendous efforts to research and try to control the disease.Previous studies suggested that some of the wild animals could be intermediate hosts between humans and origination of SARS-CoV-2,and some companion animals of humans can be infected by SARS-CoV-2,which raised our curiosity about cross-infection of SARS-CoV-2 between animals and humans.Thus,the study select some kinds of animals that might have contacted with humans to estimate the susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 in different animals by evolutionary analysis of their receptors for SARS-CoV-2.The results show that some companion animals of the Felidae family like the cat has a higher infection possibility while the species of the Rodent family like the rat and mouse having close contact with humans show an opposite result,which consist with recent animal experiments and researches.These should raise concerns about cross-infection between human and companion animals or animals having close contact with humans which might turn animals into depositaries of the coronavirus even after control of SARS-CoV-2 spreading and cause second or more waves of infections after social reopening.Another side of the results stands by the opinion that bioinformatic analysis can be consistent with experiments in some respects so that we can prevent unnecessary sacrifice of laboratory animals in future experiments.

关 键 词：COVID-19 ACE2 交叉感染 伴生动物 

分 类 号：Q931[生物学—微生物学]