黄河下游治理方略的历史回顾  

Review on the historical control strategies of the Lower Yellow River

作　　者：刘成 王兆印[3] 何耘 肖祺[2] LIU Cheng;WANG Zhao-yin;HE Yun;XIAO Qi(International Research and Training Center on Erosion and Sedimentation,Beijing 100048,China;China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038,China;School of Civil Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]国际泥沙研究培训中心,北京100048 [2]中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100038 [3]清华大学土木水利学院,北京100084

出　　处：《泥沙研究》2020年第6期67-73,共7页Journal of Sediment Research

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0405201);中国水利水电科学研究院专项(泥基本科研01882001,SC0145B172017)。

摘　　要：黄河治理是中国历代事关安民兴邦的大事。在中华民族治理黄河4000多年的历史进程中,中国人民在实践中不断提高治河技术,提出过各种治黄方略,形成了一系列卓越的治河思想。基于广泛的文献调研和综述,按历史时期顺序回顾了中国历代黄河下游治理的主要方略。从简单的水来土挡到筑堤分流;从单纯的治水防洪到治水与治沙相结合;从下游防洪走向了全河流治理。治理方略不断继承与发展。长期实践探索形成的黄河下游治理方略是中国历代水利工作者智慧的结晶,对现代黄河的治理和开发具有十分重要的传承与启示价值。The Yellow River management is difficult,which has been a major task in China for many generations.In the history of more than 4000 years of the Yellow River controlling in China,Chinese engineers have continuously improved their techniques of river controlling through practices,a series of outstanding theories on river controlling have been formed and various Yellow River control strategies have been proposed.Based on an extensive review of literatures,the main Lower Yellow River control strategies are reviewed in historical order.The river control strategies have been improved from simple soil piles to stop flood flow to construct dike for land protection and flood diversion;from simple flood defense by water control to integrated flood defense combined water and sediment control;from the Lower Yellow River flood control to whole river management.The inheritance and development of the Yellow River control strategy is the crystallization of the wisdom of Chinese people on river management,which could be referenced for current the Yellow River development and management.

关 键 词：黄河 治理方略 防洪 拦沙 

分 类 号：TV882.1[水利工程—水利水电工程]