云南省强制隔离戒毒人员艾滋病、丙型肝炎相关知识和行为调查  

A Survey on HIV and HCV Related Knowledge and Behaviors Among Drug Users in Compulsory Isolation Detoxification Center in Yunnan Province

作　　者：杨丽萍[1] 郑玲[1] 周勤[1] 严明娟[1] 左纯源 张官柏[1] 王飞 程璇 王勇 李敏 李昕悦[1] YANG Liping;ZHENG Ling;ZHOU Qin;YAN Mingjuan;ZUO Cunyuan;ZHANG Guanbai;WANG Fei;CHENG Xuan;WANG Yong;LI Min;LI Xinyue(Yunnan Institute for Drug Abuse,Kunming 650228;the 5th Compulsory Isolation Detoxification Center of Yunnan Province,Kunming 650211)

机构地区：[1]云南省药物依赖防治研究所,昆明650228 [2]云南省第五强制隔离戒毒所,昆明650211

出　　处：《中国药物滥用防治杂志》2020年第6期322-326,共5页Chinese Journal of Drug Abuse Prevention and Treatment

摘　　要：目的:了解云南省强制隔离戒毒人员艾滋病、丙型肝炎相关知识的知晓情况(包括HIV/AIDS、HCV、MMT、NEP、ATS)及行为特征,为药物依赖人群艾滋病及丙型肝炎的防治提供依据。方法:以云南省某强制隔离戒毒所内截至2019年12月底前在所的戒毒人员为调查对象,采用自行设计的羁押场所药物依赖人员调查问卷收集人口学特征、毒品使用情况、艾滋病和丙型肝炎相关知识的知晓情况、行为特征等,并进行描述性分析。结果:共调查2 600例强制隔离戒毒人员,应答率为95.4%。调查对象年龄范围为21~59岁,平均年龄(36.13±9.58)岁,年龄集中在35~55岁,占40.7%;未婚占43.1%;初中及以下文化程度占69.0%;汉族占83.9%;无业占40.7%;月平均收入>3 000元者占54.4%;主要经济来源自给自足型占81.5%。主要使用的毒品为海洛因占59.7%;使用毒品的主要原因排在前三位的依次是:情绪(心情好/心情不好)、朋友影响(毒友诱惑)、酒后(喝酒喝到八分醉的时候,以合成毒品为主),分别占88.3%、40.7%、35.5%。HIV/AIDS知晓率为93.1%,HCV知晓率为71.8%,MMT知晓率为63.3%,NEP知晓率为37.1%,ATS的知晓率为84.3%。调查对象有过不安全性行为的占36.3%(其中83.3%从不使用安全套),HCV阳性者的就医率为12.5%。在有过注射行为的调查对象中40.4%的有过重复使用针具行为,27.3%的有过共针行为。结论:云南省强制隔离戒毒人员艾滋病、丙型肝炎相关知识知晓情况不理想,HCV阳性者卫生服务利用率低,入所前存在一定的艾滋病相关危险行为。应进一步加强药物依赖人员艾滋病、丙型肝炎相关知识的宣传教育,在强戒所内开展康复期功能训练和相关技能的学习。Objective:to understand the drug use and health,including HIV/AIDS,HCV,methadone maintenance treatment (MMT),needle/syringe exchange program (NEP),amphetamine type stimulants (ATS) related knowledge and behaviors among drug users in compulsory isolation detoxification centers in Yunnan Province,to provide scientific evidence for HIV/AIDS,HCV prevention and treatment in the drug users.Methods:a cross-sectional survey with self-made-questionnaire,questionnaire for drug users in detox centers,was conducted among a stratified random sample of 2 480 drug users,who entered the 5th Compulsory Isolation Detoxification Center of Yunnan Province by the end of Dec.2019.Information including demographic characteristics,knowledge and risk behaviors of AIDS hepatitis C and drug use was collected and descriptive analysis was conducted.Results:among the selected 2 600 drug users,we got 2 480 validated with a 95.4% answering rate.The age ranged from 21 to 59,with a mean age (m±sd.) of 36.13±9.58 years,the age of respondents was concentrated in 35-55 years old accounting for 40.7%.There was 43.1% unmarried.Respondents with junior high school educational or lower level accounted for 69.0%,Han Nationality 83.9%,unemployed 40.7%.Those with an average monthly income of 3,000 Yuan or more accounted for 54.4%,and self-supported in life 81.5%.The mainly used drug was heroin (59.7%).The top 3 reasons of drug use were:emotional problems (88.3%),both bad emotion and good emotion could be the drug use trigger;friend influence (40.7%) and alcohol use (35.5%) (Alcohol use was the main reason for synthetic drug use,usually when the drinkers were almost but not thoroughly drunk).Awareness rate of HIV/AIDS was 93.1%,HCV 71.8%,MMT 63.3%,and NEP 37.1%,and ATS 84.3%.Among the respondents,36.3% had unsafe sex (among those who had unsafe sex,83.3% had never used a condom).The consultant rate of the HCV positive respondents was 12.5%.Among the drug injectors,40.4% had reused needles and 27.3% had shared needles with others.Conclusion:both the overall

关 键 词：强制戒毒 艾滋病 丙型肝炎 知晓率 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学] R749.64[医药卫生—临床医学] R512.63