中微量元素肥料对蒙古黄芪生长和品质的影响  

Effects of medium and trace element fertilizers on the growth and quality of A.membranaceus.var.mongholicus

作　　者：张金文[1] 张玉云[1] 郭强强[1] ZHANG Jinwen;ZHANG Yuyun;GUO Qiangqiang(Longxi Agricultural Technology Extension Center Gansu province,Dingxi Gansu 748100,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省陇西县农业技术推广中心,甘肃定西748100

出　　处：《中兽医医药杂志》2020年第6期55-59,共5页Journal of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：“特色经济作物化肥农药减施增效技术示范”子课题(2018YFD0201110)。

摘　　要：探索中微量元素肥料对蒙古黄芪生长和品质的影响,为蒙古黄芪栽培合理施用微肥提供理论依据。试验采用多因素随机小区设计,即养禾硼(T1)、养禾锌(T2)、养禾镁(T3)、浓缩硅(T4)、不追肥(CK)5个处理,每个处理3个重复。通过本试验得出喷施养禾硼时蒙古黄芪株高、直径、主根长、产量、品质与不追肥比较均具有显著的提升作用,株高增加41.2%、直径增加27.3%、主根长增加26.0%、鲜货产量增加20.2%;蒙古黄芪甲苷含量比对照提高了25.6%,毛蕊异黄酮葡萄糖苷含量提高32.3%,且重金属含量不超标。喷施养禾锌、养禾镁、浓缩硅对蒙古黄芪生长发育及生物量的影响与不追肥比较未达到显著差异水平。结果表明,喷施微量元素肥料养禾硼对蒙古黄芪株高、直径、主根长、产量的影响与不追肥比较具有显著的提升作用,药材品质也达到《中华人民共和国药典》2015年版(一部)标准要求。To explore the effect of medium trace element fertilizer on the growth and quality of Astragalus membranaceus var.mongholicus,and to provide theoretical basis for rational application of microfertilizer in Astragalus membranaceus var.mongholicus cultivation.The experiment adopted a multi-factor random plot design,and there were 5 treatments:raising grain boron(T1),raising grain zinc(T2),raising grain magnesium(T3),concentrated silicon(T4),and no topdressing(CK).Each treatment was repeated for 3 times.The experiment showed that the plant height,diameter,taproot length,yield and quality of Astragalus membranaceus var.mongholicus increased significantly by 41.2%,the diameter increased by 27.3%,the taproot length increased by 26.0%,and the fresh yield increased by 20.2%.The content of astragaloside in Mongolia increased by 25.6%,the content of glucoside in isoflavone in wool increased by 32.3%,and the content of heavy metals was not exceeded the standard.The effects on growth and biomass of Astragalus mongolicus under spraying of cultivated zinc,cultivated magnesium and concentrated silicon were not significant compared with that without topdressing.The results showed that,with respect to the influence of microelement fertilizer application on the plant height,root length,and yield of Astragalus membranaceus var.mongholicus,and its products can significantly improve its products with without topdressing,and its products’quality also meet the requirements of Chinese pharmacopoeia.

关 键 词：蒙古黄芪 中微量元素肥料 应用效果 

分 类 号：S853.7[农业科学—临床兽医学]