汉语二语学习者主语和直接宾语关系从句习得研究  

The Acquisition of Subject and Direct Object Relative Clause by L2 Learners of Chinese

作　　者：侯建东 Hou Jiandong(School of Chinese Language and Literature,Beijing Foreign Studies University,Beijing 100089;College of Foreign Languages,Tianjin Normal University,Tianjin 300387,China)

机构地区：[1]北京外国语大学中国语言文学学院,北京100089 [2]天津师范大学外国语学院,天津300387

出　　处：《现代语文》2020年第9期91-95,共5页Modern Chinese

基　　金：天津市哲学社会科学规划项目“英汉二语学习者功能语类特征重组不对称性研究”(TJWW19-003)。

摘　　要：通过可接受度判断和根据提示词造句两项测试,考察了25名中级水平汉语二语学习者习得主语和直接宾语关系从句的情况及从句内生命度格局对这两类关系从句习得的影响。研究结果表明,由于算子和语迹间的结构距离更短,主语关系从句在理解和产出中更具优势;而考虑从句内生命度格局时,从句内主语生命度较高的直接宾语关系从句反而比主语生命度较低的主语关系从句在理解和产出中具有优势,这是因为人类认知倾向于将有生论元作为主语,从而降低了结构距离带来的处理难度所致。Through an AJT test and a sentence making test,25 intermediate L2 learners of Chinese were investigated to identify the comprehension and production preference between subject relative clauses and direct object relative clauses.Subjects show a preference for the subject relative clause because of its shorter structure distance between the operator and its trace.However,a preference for DO/+ANI is found if animacy pattern with in the relative clause is taken into consideration.It is argued that an argument is more inclined to be the agent subject in human cognition,thus the difficulty in processing the relative clause with longer structure distance is reduced.

关 键 词：汉语关系从句 结构距离 生命度格局 

分 类 号：H09[语言文字—语言学]