海岸抗风优势植物紫穗槐对净风和风沙流的生理响应  

Physiological Response of Amorpha fruticosa as Dominating Species for Sand-fixing and Wind-resistance in Coastal to Wind Blowing and Wind Drift Blowing

作　　者：周瑞莲[1] 逄金强 宋玉 ZHOU Ruilian;PANG Jinqiang;Song Yu(School of Life Sciences,Ludong University,Yantai 264039,China)

机构地区：[1]鲁东大学生命科学学院,山东烟台264039

出　　处：《鲁东大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第1期40-52,共13页Journal of Ludong University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31770762)。

摘　　要：利用野外便携式风洞对盆栽紫穗槐(Amorpha fruticosa)幼株进行了不同风速(6、9、12、15、18 m·s^-1)、不同风沙流强度(0、1.00、28.30、63.28、111.82、172.93 g·cm^-1·min^-1)、不同时间(10、20、30、40 min)净风和风沙流吹袭处理。通过测定其叶片相对含水量(RWC)、细胞膜透性,丙二醛(MDA)、可溶性糖、脯氨酸含量,抗氧化酶活性(SOD、CAT、POD)以揭示紫穗槐适应强风吹袭环境的生理生态学机制。结果表明,随着净风和风沙流吹袭风速的增加,紫穗槐叶片RWC趋于下降、细胞膜透性和MDA含量增高。在净风和风沙流吹袭下叶片膜脂过氧化程度与含水量大幅下降呈负相关,与细胞膜透性的增高呈正相关。在中风、大风净风和风沙流吹袭40 min后,伴随紫穗槐叶片RWC的下降,叶片可溶性糖和脯氨酸含量增加,这种现象在大风(18 m·s^-1)风沙流吹袭下尤为明显。如大风净风吹袭40 min后,叶片RWC下降40.3%,而可溶性糖和脯氨酸含量分别增加28.2%、13.9%;大风风沙流吹袭40 min后,叶片RWC下降48.4%,可溶性糖和脯氨酸含量分别增加41.3%、61.8%。另外,紫穗槐在中风、大风净风和风沙流吹袭下,伴随叶片RWC下降,叶片MDA含量、CAT、SOD、POD活性增加。随着风沙流处理时间的延长,叶片RWC、MDA含量、SOD和CAT活性均呈下降趋势,而且在同风速处理中,风沙流吹袭下叶片RWC、MDA含量、SOD活力和CAT活性均低于净风处理。结果表明,中风净风吹袭引发叶片失水快速激活抗氧化保护酶系统和加速渗透调节物积累在紫穗槐抗风生长中起重要的生理调控作用。风沙流吹袭中,沙粒对叶片磨蚀导致的物理伤害引发叶片失水加剧,导致其生理代谢紊乱而使抗氧化保护酶活性和渗透调节物含量下降。因此,尽管紫穗槐的生理调控能力有限,但其较强的繁殖和生长力使之成为防风优势树种。In this study,Amorpha fruticosa seedling was used as material.Relative water content(RWC),Malondialdehyde(MDA),membrane permeability,proline,soluble sugar,the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD)、catalase(CAT)and peroxidase(POD)wer measured in the leaves of Amorpha fruticosa under treatments of different wind speed(6,9,12,15 and 18m·s^-1)and different blowing time(10,20,30 and 40 min)by using outdoor portable wind tunnel to understand that physiological response mechanism of it to wind blowing and wind-drift blowing.The results showed that:first,the RWC decreased and membrane pemieability increased with increasing of wind speed of wind blowing,wind-drift blowing.The degree of membrane lipid per­oxidation was negatively coirelated with dramatically dropping of RWC,and was positively conelated with in­creasing of membrane pemieability.Second,under treatments of wind blowing and wind-drift blowing at wind-speeds with 12,15,18 m·s^-1 for 40 min,RWC decreased,but soluble sugar and proline contents increased,especially obvious under the treatment with wind-drift blowing at 18 m·s^-1.For instant,under wind blowing for 40 min,with decreasing of RWC by 40.3%,the soluble sugar and proline content increased by 28.2%,13.9%.Whereas,under wind-drift blowing for 40 niin,with RWC dropping by 48.3%,the soluble sugar and proline content increased by 41.3%,61.8%.It presented that the dropping of water content in the leaves of Amorpha fruticosa was related negatively to the content of osmotic regulator.Third,the activities of CAT,SOD,POD and MDA content increased with dropping of RWC under wind blowing and wind diift blowing at 12,15,18 m·s^-1.In addition,with time extension of wind-drift blowing,RWC,MDA content,the activities of SOD and CAT tend to decrease,and at same wind speed,the contents of RWC and MDA,the activities of SOD and CAT were lower under the treatments of wind-drift blowing than those under wind blowing.It indicated that wa­ter shortage triggered by wind blowing and wind-drift blowing induced quickly ant

关 键 词：防风固沙 紫穗槐 抗氧化酶 渗透调节物 抗风生理机理 

分 类 号：S793.2[农业科学—林木遗传育种]