机器人仿生电子皮肤阵列触觉传感器研究  

Research on robot bionic E-skin array tactile sensor

作　　者：曹建国 程春福[1,2,3,4] 周建辉 尹海斌 李洋[1,2,3,4] 范阳[1,2,3,4] CAO Jianguo;CHENG Chunfu;ZHOU Jianhui;YIN haibin;LI Yang;FAN Yang(Shunde Graduate School of University of Science and Technology Beijing,Foshan 528399,China;School of Mechanical Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;Institute of Artificial Intelligence,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;Innovation Institute for Intelligent Robot,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;School of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学顺德研究生院,广东佛山528399 [2]北京科技大学机械工程学院,北京100083 [3]北京科技大学人工智能研究院,北京100083 [4]北京科技大学智能机器人创新研究院,北京100083 [5]武汉理工大学机电工程学院,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《中国测试》2020年第12期1-8,59,共9页China Measurement & Test

基　　金：北京科技大学顺德研究生院科技创新专项(BK19AE006);国家自然科学基金资助项目(61603035);科技部创新方法工作专项(2016IM010300);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(FRF-GF-18-010B)。

摘　　要：针对当前用于机器人等复杂三维载体表面或活动关节部位的触觉传感器实现高柔弹性和压力检测的难题,该文提出一种8×8阵列的仿生电子皮肤柔弹性阵列触觉传感器。基于压阻橡胶的导电机理采用微米镍粉填充聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)完成触觉传感器的柔性敏感单元设计与制备,获得压阻橡胶在不同质量比时的压阻特性曲线,采用银纳米线(AgNWs)/PDMS复合材料制作的柔弹性阵列导电薄膜电极层和压阻橡胶圆片结合阵列式“多孔PDMS”中间传感层的多层“三明治”结构并通过模具固化成型工艺制备电子皮肤阵列触觉传感器,设计传感器检测系统检测其特性。实验表明柔弹性触觉传感器具有阵列数密集、测量范围广、线性度好等特点,传感器的空间分辨率为3×3 mm^2,测量压力范围达到100~500 kPa,拉伸率可以达到30%,能够覆盖在三维载体表面完成分布式压力的测量,为机器人等复杂三维载体表面或活动关节部位的压力检测反馈和机器人智能化提供基础。Aiming at the current problem of using tactile sensors on complex three-dimensional carrier surfaces or moving joint parts of robot to achieve high flexibility,stretchability and pressure detection function,this paper proposes an 8×8 array of stretchable E-skin tactile sensors.Based on the conductive mechanism of piezoresistive rubber uses micron nickel powder filled polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS)to complete the design and preparation of the flexible sensitive unit of the tactile sensor,and obtain the piezoresistive characteristic curve of the piezoresistive rubber at different weight ratios.Multi-layer"sandwich"structure of flexible array conductive film electrode layer made of silver nanowires(AgNWs)/PDMS composite material and piezoresistive rubber discs combined with array type porous PDMS middle sensing layer and cured by mold,the sensor detection system is designed to detect its characteristics.Experiments show that the stretchable and flexible tactile sensor has the characteristics of dense array,wide measurement range and good linearity.The spatial resolution of the sensor is 3×3 mm^2,the measurement pressure range is 100-500 kPa,and the stretch rate can reach 30%,which can cover the surface of the three-dimensional carrier completes the measurement of distributed pressure,and provides a basis for the application of complex three-dimensional carrier surfaces such as robots or moving joint parts for pressure detection feedback and robot intelligence.

关 键 词：触觉传感器 柔弹性 压阻橡胶 银纳米线 

分 类 号：TP212[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]