纳米二氧化锰的制备及其应用研究进展  

Progress in the Preparation and Application of Nanostructured Manganese Dioxide

作　　者：王金敏 于红玉 马董云 WANG Jinmin;YU Hongyu;MA Dongyun(School of Environmental and Materials Engineering,College of Engineering,Shanghai Polytechnic University,Shanghai 201209,China)

机构地区：[1]上海第二工业大学工学部,环境与材料工程学院,上海201209

出　　处：《无机材料学报》2020年第12期1307-1314,共8页Journal of Inorganic Materials

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(61775131,61376009);上海高校特聘教授(东方学者)岗位计划(2013-70)。

摘　　要：二氧化锰作为一种重要的过渡金属氧化物,因其储量丰富、晶型多样、性能优异而备受关注。将二氧化锰纳米化后,其颗粒尺寸变小、比表面积变大、材料性能优化、应用领域得以拓宽。本文在引言部分从介绍二氧化锰的应用着手,指出纳米化和晶型多变对二氧化锰的结构和性能有着重要的影响。正文部分主要从纳米二氧化锰的制备方法和纳米二氧化锰的应用两个方面对近年来的研究进展进行了总结和评述。(1)介绍了水热法、溶胶-凝胶法、化学沉淀法、固相合成法等纳米二氧化锰的制备方法,对各种制备方法的优点与缺点以及所制备纳米二氧化锰的形貌与性能进行了总结。(2)综述了纳米二氧化锰在储能电极、电致变色器件、催化剂、生物传感器等领域的应用研究进展。纳米二氧化锰可作为电池的正极材料和超级电容器的电极材料。通过调控二氧化锰的晶型和复合制备的含锰复合氧化物用于锂离子电池的正极材料,可提高电池的容量并改善循环稳定性。作为锂离子动力电池的正极材料已有产业化应用,在新能源汽车领域具有良好的应用前景。由于纯二氧化锰本身的颜色主要是在棕色和黄色之间变化,光调制幅度较小,因此作为电致变色器件的电极材料,通常将其与其它光调制幅度较大的材料进行复合使用。如聚苯胺/二氧化锰杂化电致变色薄膜较纯聚苯胺薄膜在形貌、结构和电致变色性能上有巨大差异,显示出更高的光调制幅度、着色效率和循环稳定性。纳米二氧化锰在乙苯的催化转化和空气污染物的催化消除方面发挥重要作用。纳米二氧化锰能够增大电流响应、降低检出限,使检测的灵敏度大大提高,近年来在生物传感器领域逐渐被大家重视并得到广泛应用,如二氧化锰纳米片辅助荧光偏振生物传感器可有效检测环境水样中Ag+,PtAu-MnO2二元纳米�As an important transition metal oxide,manganese dioxide(MnO2)has attracted more and more attention due to its abundant reserves,varied crystal types and excellent material properties.Nanostructured MnO2 has smaller size and larger specific surface area,that makes it can further optimize its material properties and expand its application fields.In the introduction,this article starts with the introduction of the application of manganese dioxide,and points out that nanostructuring and variability in crystal form have an important influence on the structure and properties of manganese dioxide.The main text summarizes and reviews the research progress in recent years from two aspects:the preparation methods and the applications of nanostructured MnO2.(1)This paper introduces the progress in the preparation methods of nanostructured MnO2 including hydrothermal,Sol-Gel,chemical precipitation,solid-phase synthesis.Then the advantages and disadvantages of preparation methods,the morphologies and properties of nanostructured MnO2 are summarized.(2)The applications of nanostructured MnO2 including energy-storage electrodes,electrochromic devices,catalysts and bio-sensors are reviewed.Nanostructured MnO2 can be used as the cathode material of batteries and the electrode material of supercapacitors.Manganesecontaining composite oxides prepared by adjusting the crystal form of MnO2 and compounding are used as the cathode material of the lithium ion batteries,which can increase the capacities and improve the cycle stability of batteries.It has been industrialized as a cathode material for lithium-ion power batteries,and has good application prospects in the field of new energy vehicles.As the electrode material of electrochromic devices,MnO2 is usually used by combining with other materials with large optical modulations since the color of pure MnO2 mainly changes between brown and yellow and its optical modulation is small.For example,polyaniline/MnO2 hybrid electrochromic film has a great difference in morphology,structure

关 键 词：纳米二氧化锰 水热法 储能电极 电致变色 

分 类 号：TQ174[化学工程—陶瓷工业]