生态输水后民勤盆地绿洲适宜规模及结构变化  

The suitable scale and structural change of oasis in Minqin Basin after ecological water conveyance project construction

作　　者：李森 王涛 张志山 颜长珍 毛忠超 Li Sen;Wang Tao;Zhang Zhishan;Yan Changzhen;Mao Zhongchao(Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;Drylands Salinization Research Station,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;Shapotou Desert Research and Experiment Station,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院,中国科学院沙漠与沙漠化重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000 [2]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院,干旱区盐渍化研究站,甘肃兰州730000 [3]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院,沙坡头沙漠研究试验站,甘肃兰州730000 [4]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2020年第6期91-97,共7页Journal of Desert Research

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0504301);国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(41801079);中国科学院沙漠与沙漠化重点实验室开放基金课题“民勤绿洲次生盐渍化土壤抗风蚀因子参数化研究”。

摘　　要：为研究生态输水工程对内陆河下游绿洲适宜规模及结构的影响,以石羊河下游的民勤盆地绿洲为研究区,根据水热平衡原理与绿洲圈层理论,计算生态输水前后绿洲适宜规模和适宜结构,以此反映生态输水对绿洲规模和结构的影响。结果表明:生态输水工程的实施增加了民勤盆地绿洲可利用水资源量,优化了非人工绿洲耗水结构;生态输水工程在一定程度上提升了民勤盆地的适宜绿洲规模和适宜耕地规模,优化了绿洲结构,适宜绿洲规模和适宜耕地规模分别由2000年的366.70~550.05 km^2和242.72~246.55 km^2增加到2015年691.54~1 037.31 km^2和523.13~530.20 km^2;绿洲的稳定性由濒临不稳定向稳定状态发展,然而与实际绿洲规模和结构相比,绿洲的稳定性和结构性仍然处于亚稳定状态。因此,有必要在生态输水的同时,调整绿洲结构,以期民勤盆地绿洲达到稳定。In order to study the impact of ecological water conveyance project on the suitable scale and structure of oasis in the lower reaches of inland river,we calculated the appropriate scale and structure of oasis before and after ecological water conveyance project to reflect the impact of ecological water conveyance on the scale and structure of oasis based on the principle of water-heat balance and oasis circle theory in the oasis of Minqin Basin in the lower Shiyang River,China. The results show that the ecological water conveyance project not only increased the available water resources in the oasis of Minqin Basin,but also optimized the water consumption structure of non-artificial oasis. The ecological water conveyance project had improved the suitable oasis scale and the suitable cultivated land scale and optimized the oasis structure in the Minqin Basin to a certain extent.The area of the suitable oasis and cultivated land had increased from 366.70-550.05 km^2 and 242.72-246.55 km^2 in 2000 to 691.54-1 037.31 km^2 and 523.13-530.20 km^2 in 2015,respectively,and the stability of the oasis also developed from near instability to stable state. However,compared with the actual area and structure of oasis,the stability and structure of oasis is still in a sub stable state. Therefore,it is necessary to adjust the structure of oasis in order to stabilize the oasis in Minqin Basin.

关 键 词：绿洲 适宜规模 适宜结构 民勤盆地 

分 类 号：P967[天文地球—自然地理学]