黑河流域湖泊湿地及毗邻沙丘地表节肢动物群落结构比较  

Comparison of ground arthropod community between Lake Wetland and adjacent sand dune in Heihe River Basin

作　　者：董六文 韩佳龙 赵文智 刘继亮 巴义彬[4] Dong Liuwen;Han Jialong;Zhao Wenzhi;Liu Jiliang;Ba Yibin(College of Resource and Environment Sciences/MOE Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology,Xinjiang University,Urunqi 830046,China;College of Agriculture and Ecological Engineering,Hexi University,Zhangye 734000,Gansu,China;Linze Inland River Basin Research Station,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;Museum of Hebei University,Baoding 071002,Hebei,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆大学资源与环境科学学院/绿洲生态教育部重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830046 [2]河西学院农业与生态工程学院,甘肃张掖734000 [3]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院临泽内陆河流域研究站,甘肃兰州730000 [4]河北大学博物馆,河北保定071002

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2020年第6期250-258,共9页Journal of Desert Research

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2019YFC0507402);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项A(XDA23060304);国家自然科学基金项目(41771290,41773086)。

摘　　要：湖泊湿地是干旱区重要的生境类型,在维持陆生节肢动物多样性方面起着重要的作用。选择黑河中游典型湖泊湿地及毗邻沙丘作为研究区,监测了湿地、过渡区和沙丘生境地表节肢动物种类组成及数量变化。结果表明:(1)湿地、过渡区和沙丘生境地表节肢动物群落组成明显不同,湿地生境地表节肢动物活动密度、类群丰富度和多样性指数均显著高于沙丘生境,过渡区生境地表节肢动物类群丰富度和多样性指数显著高于沙丘生境;(2)湿地、过渡区和沙丘生境捕食性、植食性和"腐+杂"食性节肢动物组成明显不同,从湿地到沙丘,捕食性和植食性节肢动物活动及类群丰富度呈降低的趋势,而"腐+杂"食性节肢动物类群丰富度变化相反;(3)地表节肢动物对3种生境有较好的指示作用,狼蛛科(Lycosidae)、步甲科(Carabidae)和虎甲科(Cicindelidae)等7个类群可以用于指示湿地生境,谷盗科(Trgossitidae)和拟步甲科(Tenebrionidae)分别可以指示过渡区和沙丘生境。总之,干旱区湿地生境对狼蛛科、步甲科和虎甲科等一些节肢动物种群有明显的保育作用,它对这些地表节肢动物类群的保护及维持具有重要的生态意义。Lake wetland was an important habitat type in the Heihe River Basin,and its play a key role in maintaining terrestrial arthropods diversity. However,our understanding of the effect of lake wetland on arthropod diversity in this region is poor,especially on ground-dwelling arthropods. We select a typical lake wetland and the adjacent sand dune as a research region in the Middle Reaches of the Heihe River basin. We explored the abundance and species richness of ground arthropods using pitfall trapping at the three habitats(wetland,transitional zone and sand dune)in the mid-July. Three key results were obtained as following.(1)The community composition of ground-dwelling arthropods in wetland,transitional area and dune habitat is significantly different. Further,the activity density,taxa richness and diversity index of ground-dwelling arthropods in wetland habitats are significantly higher than those in sand dune habitat,and the taxa richness and diversity index of ground-dwelling arthropods in transitional zone are significantly higher than those in sand dune habitats.(2)The composition of predatory,herbivorous and"saprophagous + omnivorous"ground-dwelling arthropods in wetland,transitional area and dune habitat is obviously different. From wetland to sand dune,the activity and richness of predatory and herbivorous ground-dwelling arthropods are decreasing,while the richness of"saprophagous + omnivorous"ground-dwelling arthropods is changing in the opposite pattern.(3)A strong indication of ground-dwelling arthropods for habitat type was discovered in this ecosystem. Moreover,seven taxa including lycosid spiders,carabid and cicindelid beetles can be used as indicator taxa for wetland habitats,and trgossitid and tenebrionid beetles and can be used as indicator taxa for transitional zone and sand dune habitats. In short,wetland habitat in arid area has obvious conservation affect on some ground-dwelling arthropods,such as lycosid spiders and carabid and cicindelid beetles. It has important ecological significance for

关 键 词：黑河流域 湖泊湿地 地表节肢动物 群落结构 营养功能群 

分 类 号：Q958.15[生物学—动物学]