仔猪伪狂犬病的诊断与病理解剖学研究  

The studies of diagnosis and morbid anatomy on the pseudorabies of piglets

作　　者：毛甜甜 白衡 方梅[1] 陈达年 刘升 张彦平 贾宁[1] MAO Tian-tian;BAI Hen;FANG Mei;CHEN Da-nian;LIU Sheng;ZHANG Yan-ping;JIA Ning(College of Veterinary Medicine,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学动物医学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《中国兽医科学》2020年第12期1580-1586,共7页Chinese Veterinary Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31560686)。

摘　　要：为了确诊伪狂犬病并探讨其系统病理变化特点,对甘肃某猪场疑似患猪伪狂犬病仔猪进行病原分离、荧光定量PCR检测和系统病理剖检、病理组织学和超微结构研究。结果显示,从5例患病仔猪组织中未分离出致病菌,脑组织悬液接种家兔后出现明显神经症状和死亡;荧光定量PCR检测显示,5例样品均为猪伪狂犬病病毒核酸阳性,表明该猪场仔猪所患疫病为猪伪狂犬病。病理学检测显示,患病仔猪组织呈败血性变化,实质器官有粟粒大小坏死灶;脑组织出血、水肿;扁桃体黏膜有出血和坏死;在显微镜下,患病仔猪的实质器官散在细胞核碎片性坏死灶,其内有炎性细胞;肺呈间质性肺炎,上皮细胞有嗜酸性核内包涵体;扁桃体黏膜与隐窝上皮变性,有嗜酸性核内包涵体;大脑呈非化脓性脑炎,变性神经细胞内有嗜酸性核内包涵体。电镜下,肺泡上皮细胞肿大,核浓缩或破碎,线粒体肿胀、嵴断裂和空泡化,细胞内有包涵体;扁桃体隐窝上皮细胞核染色质边集,细胞内有包涵体。结果证明,仔猪所患伪狂犬病。In order to confirm the pseudorabies of piglets and explore the characteristics of the pathological changes,the 5 doubtful piglets with pseudorabies were diagnosed by the bacterial isolation technique,the quantitative real-time PCR and the studies of morbid anatomy.The results showed that no pathogenic bacteria were found in the samples of 5 doubtful piglets by using bacterial isolation technique,however,the samples can cause nervous symptoms and death in laboratory rabbits.The quantitative real-time PCR showed that all the samples of 5 sick piglets were positive for the pseudorabies virus(PRV).The above results proved that the PRV was the pathogen of the sick piglets.The pathological changes of clinic and autopsy showed that the 5 sick piglets presented with septicemia.There were numerous focal necrosis on the surface of some parenchymal organs,and the hemorrhage and edema on the meninges and brain parenchyma,and the hemorrhage and necrosis on the mucosa of tonsils.The light microscope indicated that there were focal necrosis of nuclear fragmentary in the parenchymal organs,and there were some inflammatory cells in it.The lungs presented acute interstitial pneumonia,and there were eosinophilic intranuclear inclusions in alveolar epithelial cells.The mucosal epithelial cells of tonsil occurred degeneration and necrosis and there were also eosinophilic intranuclear inclusions in these cells.The encephalon showed nonsupppurative encephalitis,and there were also eosinophilic intranuclear inclusions in degenerative nerve cells.The electron microscope showed that the alveolar epithelial cells of lungs were swelling,and karyopyknosis or karyorrhexis,mitochondrial swelling and cavitation,and there were rounded or elliptic intranuclear or intracytoplasmic inclusions.The mucosal epithelial cells of tonsil occurred chromatin margination and there were also intranuclear inclusions.These results confirmed that piglets suffer from pseudorabies.

关 键 词：仔猪 伪狂犬病 荧光定量PCR 病理变化 

分 类 号：S852.659.1[农业科学—基础兽医学]