广西2011~2015年出生缺陷发生情况分析  

Analysis on the incidence of birth defects in Guangxi from 2011 to 2015

作　　者：韦玉琛 韦萍[2] 黄旭华 何仲彪[3] 姚慧[2] 付春云[1] 赵江阳 马刚[4] WEI Yu-chen;WEI Ping;HUANG Xu-hua(Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530000, China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区妇幼保健院检验科,南宁530000 [2]广西壮族自治区妇幼保健院保健部,南宁530000 [3]广西壮族自治区妇幼保健院信息科,南宁530000 [4]广西壮族自治区妇幼保健院妇科,南宁530000

出　　处：《中国临床新医学》2020年第12期1226-1229,共4页CHINESE JOURNAL OF NEW CLINICAL MEDICINE

基　　金：广西卫健委科研课题(编号:Z2013259);国家自然科学基金项目(编号:81760615);广西儿童工作资源中心项目(编号:2018GXETGZZY)。

摘　　要：目的分析广西2011~2015年出生缺陷发生情况。方法选择2011-01-01~2015-12-31广西“桂妇儿健康服务信息管理系统”中记录的4315134例胎儿、新生儿(出生后7 d),对出生资料(包括缺陷类型、性别、出生时间、地区来源等)进行分析。结果监测4315134例围生儿中确诊为缺陷儿57851例(134.07/104)。其中2011~2015年各年份出生缺陷发生率分别为137.48/104、120.80/104、109.57/104、131.32/104和174.03/104。出生缺陷儿均以男性为主(33327/57851,57.61%),汉族(37930/57851,65.56%)、壮族(17284/57851,29.88%)为主。2011~2015年广西出生缺陷发生例数最多的前5个城市依次为南宁(13776/57851,23.81%)、柳州(6366/57851,11.00%)、玉林(5711/57851,9.87%)、桂林(4644/57851,8.03%)和梧州(4254/57851,7.35%)。缺陷类型主要包括多指(趾)、先天性心脏病、胎儿水肿综合征、唇裂、唇裂合并腭裂、马蹄外翻足和外耳其他畸形等,其中以多指(趾)和先天性心脏病占比最高。结论广西出生缺陷发生率呈上升趋势,其中以多指(趾)和先天性心脏病的发生情况最为突出。应做好相关孕产知识宣传工作,提高产前诊断率,提升新生人口素质。Objective To analyze the incidence of birth defects in Guangxi from 2011 to 2015.Methods Four million three hundred and fifteen thousand one hundred and thirty-four cases of fetuses and newborns(7 days after birth)recorded in the Guangxi Women′s and Children′s Health Service Information Management System from January 1,2011 to December 31,2015 were selected,and their data of birth(including defect type,gender,birth time,regional source,etc.)were analyzed.Results Among the 4315134 perinatal infants who were monitored,57851 cases were diagnosed as defective infants(134.07/104).Among them,the incidence of birth defects in each year from 2011 to 2015 was 137.48/104,120.80/104,109.57/104,131.32/104 and 174.03/104,respectively.Most of the newborns with birth defects were male(33327/57851,57.61%),the Han nationality(37930/57851,65.56%)and the Zhuang nationality(17284/57851,29.88%).The top five cities in Guangxi having the newborns with birth defects from 2011 to 2015 were Nanning(13776/57851,23.81%),Liuzhou(6366/57851,11.00%),Yulin(5711/57851,9.87%),Guilin(4644/57851,8.03%)and Wuzhou(4254/57851,7.35%).The defect types mainly included polydactyly(toes),congenital heart disease,fetal edema syndrome,cleft lip,cleft lip with cleft palate,talipes equinovalgus and other malformations of the outer ear,among which polydactyly(toes)and congenital heart disease accounted for the largest proportion.Conclusion The incidence of birth defects in Guangxi is on the rise,especially polydactyly(toes)and congenital heart disease.It is necessary to do a good job in the propaganda of the related knowledge of pregnancy and childbirth,increase the rate of prenatal diagnosis,and improve the quality of the newborn populations.

关 键 词：出生缺陷 广西 特征 

分 类 号：R714.51[医药卫生—妇产科学]