船式拖拉机船型参数对滑行阻力与下陷深度的影响  

Effects of boat-type parameters of boat-type tractor on working resistance and subsidence depth

作　　者：王永维[1] 何焯亮 王俊[1] WANG Yongwei;HE Zhuoliang;WANG Jun(School of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China;Department of Mechanical Engineering,University of Hong Kong,Hong Kong 999077,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学生物系统工程与食品科学学院,杭州310058 [2]香港大学机械工程学院,中国香港999077

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》2020年第6期759-766,共8页Journal of Zhejiang University:Agriculture and Life Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0700601);国家水稻产业技术体系项目(CARS-01-102);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金;浙江大学大北农学科发展和人才培养基金。

摘　　要：为获得水田船式拖拉机船型参数对滑行阻力和下陷深度的影响规律,设计了水田船式拖拉机船体模型滑行阻力试验台。以船型参数接地比压、滑行速度、首舷曲率半径、接地角和水田土壤表层水深为试验因素,以船体模型在水田土壤中的滑行阻力、下陷深度为试验指标,以粉砂壤土为水田土壤介质,研究了船型参数、土壤表层水深对试验指标的影响规律。结果表明:接地比压、滑行速度、首舷曲率半径、接地角和水田土壤表层水深对船体模型的滑行阻力、下陷深度均有明显影响。在接地比压为250~350 kg/m^2时,滑行阻力、下陷深度随着接地比压的增加均单调递增,但当接地比压大于300 kg/m^2时,增加幅度降低;当滑行速度为0.2~1.0 m/s、首舷曲率半径为300~500 mm、接地角为25.0°~35.0°时,滑行阻力、下陷深度总体上随各参数增加均呈先下降后上升的趋势;当滑行速度分别为0.6和0.8 m/s时,滑行阻力、下陷深度分别达到最小值;接地角为27.5°时下陷深度最小,接地角为30.0°时滑行阻力最小;水田土壤表层水深在10~50 mm之间时,随着表层水深增加,下陷深度单调递减,滑行阻力总体上呈先减少后增加的趋势,且表层水深为20 mm时滑行阻力最小。综上所述,船式拖拉机船体较优的船型参数为滑行速度0.6~0.8 m/s、首舷曲率半径350~450 mm、接地角27.5°~30.0°,水田作业时土壤表层水深的较佳范围为20~40 mm。以上研究结果可为水田船式拖拉机的设计和运行提供参考。In order to investigate the effects of structural and working parameters on the working resistance and subsidence depth of boat-type tractor in paddy field,simplified prototypes of boat-type tractors with testing system were developed.Ground ratio pressure,working speed,curvature radius of board,ground contact angle and depth of surface water of paddy soil were taken as factors,and working resistance and subsidence depth were taken as evaluation indexes.The experiments were conducted through the paddy soil platform which was filled with filtered silt loam.Results showed that all the factors had significant effects on the two evaluation indexes.The working resistance and subsidence depth increased monotonously with the increase of ground ratio pressure within 250-350 kg/m^2.However,when the ground ratio pressure was beyond 300 kg/m^2,the increase of two evaluation indexes was much slower.When working speed,curvature radius of board and ground contact angle were within 0.2-1.0 m/s,300-500 mm and 25.0°-35.0°,respectively,the working resistance and subsidence depth increased after a slight decrease on the whole.The working resistance and subsidence depth reached the minimum values at the working speed of 0.6 and 0.8 m/s,respectively;and subsidence depth and working resistance reached the minimum values with ground contact angle of 27.5°and 30.0°,respectively.When the depth of surface water of paddy soil increased within 10-50 mm,the subsidence depth decreased monotonously,while the working resistance increased after a slight decrease on the whole.The working resistance reached the minimum value with the depth of surface water of 20 mm.In conclusion,the optimum working and structural parameters for boat-type tractors in paddy field are 0.6-0.8 m/s for working speed,350-450 mm for curvature radius of board,27.5°-30.0°for ground contact angle,and 20-40 mm for depth of surface water.The result can provide references for the design and operation of boat-type tractor in paddy field.

关 键 词：船式拖拉机 船体模型 船型参数 滑行阻力 下陷深度 

分 类 号：S219[农业科学—农业机械化工程]