尿素沉积物中三聚氰酸及其同系物检测  

Detection of cyanuric acid and its homologues in urea deposits

作　　者：龙华林 莫春兰[1] 莫益涛 邱崇桓 江明儒 LONG Hualin;MO Chunlan;MO Yitao;QIU Chonghuan;JIANG Mingru(College of Mechanical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China)

机构地区：[1]广西大学机械工程学院,广西南宁530004

出　　处：《江苏大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第6期712-717,共6页Journal of Jiangsu University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51766001);广西自然科学基金面上项目(2016GXNSFAA380318)。

摘　　要：气相色谱试验中,采用二乙胺-乙腈-水混合溶液为提取液,溶解三聚氰酸及其同系物和尿素沉积物,以BSTFA试剂对三聚氰酸及其同系物和尿素沉积物进行衍生化处理.试验结果表明,尿素沉积物中存在三聚氰酸、三聚氰酸一酰胺和三聚氰酸二酰胺,解决了热重分析仪无法判别尿素沉积物中三聚氰酸同系物具体成分的问题.热重试验结果表明:尿素沉积物在278~458℃温度区间内分解的主要生成物质为三聚氰酸、三聚氰酸一酰胺和三聚氰酸二酰胺;三聚氰酸在热解时会产生微量副产物;三聚氰酸一酰胺和三聚氰酸二酰胺在加热中会产生大量需高温才能分解的产物;要减少三聚氰酸及其同系物的生成,就要加快异氰酸的水解速率,尽量减少缩二脲的生成.In the gas chromatographic test,diethylamine-acetonitrile-water mixed solution was used as extracting solvent to dissolve cyanuric acid,its homologues and urea deposits,and the derivatization of cyanuric acid and its homologues was conducted with BSTFA reagent.The results show that cyanuric acid,ammelide and ammeline are presented in the urea deposit,which solves the problem that the thermogravimetric analyzer can not distinguish the specific components of cyanuric acid homologue in urea deposit.The thermogravimetric tests show that the main substances decomposed by urea deposits in the temperature range from 278 to 458℃are cyanuric acid,ammelide and ammeline.Cyanuric acid produces a trace amount of by-products during pyrolysis.Ammelide and ammeline produce a large amount of products which require high temperature to decompose during heating.To reduce the formation of cyanuric acid and its homologues,it is necessary to accelerate the hydrolysis rate of isocyanic acid and minimize the formation of biuret.

关 键 词：尿素沉积物 气相色谱试验 三聚氰酸同系物 衍生化 热重试验 

分 类 号：TK421[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]