上海市9年婚检情况的调查与医院管理  

Survey on Premarital Check-ups and Hospital Management for Nine Years in Shanghai

作　　者：马昭凯 孙逊 孙金海 姚晓璐 MA Zhaokai;SUN Xun;SUN Jinhai;YAO Xiaolu(Department of Graduate Team,Naval Medical University,Shanghai 200433;Women's Health Care Department,Shanghai Putuo Maternity and In-fant Health Hospital,Shanghai 200062;Department of Scientific and Academic Research,Naval Med-ical University,Shanghai 200433;Department of Military Health Management,Faculty of Military Health Service,Naval Medical University,Shanghai 200433)

机构地区：[1]海军军医大学研究生大队,上海200433 [2]上海市普陀区妇婴保健院妇保科,上海200062 [3]海军军医大学科研学术处,上海200433 [4]海军军医大学卫生勤务学系军队健康管理学教研室,上海200433

出　　处：《解放军医院管理杂志》2020年第12期1161-1165,共5页Hospital Administration Journal of Chinese People's Liberation Army

基　　金：上海市学校学生健康素养现状调查及评价指标研究(HJTY-2016-C05)。

摘　　要：目的探讨上海市某区婚前保健人员的影响因素,为完善医院管理方式和内容提供科学依据。方法回顾医院负责的某区2011—2019年婚检及疾病检出情况;采用专家咨询法,依据《孕前优生健康教育指南》、《孕前优生优生咨询指南》等编写设计问卷,将某院2019年1—6月孕妇学校的孕妇和早孕咨询者作为调查对象。结果 2011—2019年某区平均婚检率为21.15%,9年间婚检率总体趋势为逐年下降;而疾病检出率则逐年上升,由1.11%上升至17.31%。调查问卷共815份,女性总体婚检参与率约为54.8%;优生素养具备人数为59名,占7.24%;已婚检者优生素养具备高于未婚检者(χ~2=9.997,P=0.002<0.05),其差异具有统计学意义;外省组婚检率高于上海组(OR=1.618,95%CI:1.200~2.182);配偶学历为研究生组高于初中组(OR=0.246,95%CI:0.094~0.649)、高中及中专组(OR=0.466,95%CI:0.255~0.851)、大专组(OR=0.814,95%CI:0.512~1.296)和本科组(OR=0.783,95%CI:0.533~1.151);有备孕计划组高于无备孕计划组(OR=2.375,95%CI:1.768~3.190)。结论某区婚检率较低,已婚检者优生素养高于未婚检者。医院婚检应针对相关影响因素,加强协作方便服务,改进重点方式、内容、项目及人才管理方式,以健康教育为主,提高目标人群知晓率,全面提高某区婚检参与率。Objective To probe into factors influencing premarital healthcare in a district in Shanghai and provide scientific basis for improving the means and contents of hospital management.Methods This study reviewed premarital check-ups in the district during 2011-2019 and diseases detected;prepared and designed questionnaires through expert consultation in accordance with guidelines such as Pre-pregnancy Eugenics: Health Education Guide and Pre-pregnancy Eugenics: Eugenics Consultation Guide.Women attending the pregnancy school and/or consulting about early pregnancy in a certain hospital from January to June in 2019 were selected as research objects. Results The average premarital check-up rate in the district was 21.15% during 2011-2019 and the rate over the nine years showed a general descending trend, while the rate of diseases detected rose year by year, from 1.11%to 17.31%. This study collected 815 questionnaires, which indicated that 54.8% of the women took premarital check-ups;59 women met the requirements of eugenics, accounting for 7.24%;those who had taken premarital check-ups performed better in eugenics than those who had not(χ~2=9.997, P=0.002<0.05),and the difference was statistically significant. The premarital check-up rate was higher in other provinces than in Shanghai,(OR=1.618,95%CI:1.200~2.182);with respect to spouses’ educational background, the rate was higher in the group of master’s degree holders than in the group of junior high school graduates(OR=0.246,95%CI:0.094~0.649), the group of high and vocational school graduates(OR=0.466,95%CI:0.255~0.851), the group of junior college graduates(OR=0.814,95%CI:0.512~1.296) and the group of bachelor’s degree holders(OR=0.783,95%CI:0.533~1.151);the rate was higher among those with a pregnancy plan than those without(OR=2.375,95%CI:1.768~3.190).Conclusion The premarital check-up rate in the district was low and those who had taken premaritalcheck-ups performed better in eugenics than those who had not. When providing premarital check-up services,

关 键 词：婚检 影响因素 管理 

分 类 号：R197.32[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]