最小可销售专利实施单元概念及其在FRAND判定中的局限性  

The Smallest Salable Patent-Practicing Unit Doctrine and Its Limitations for FRAND Determination

作　　者：Haris Tsilikas 胡盛涛 TSILIKAS Haris;HU Shengtao(Max Planck Institute for Innovation and Competition,Munich 81379;Ericsson(China)Communications Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100120)

机构地区：[1]马克思-普朗克创新及竞争研究所,慕尼黑81379 [2]爱立信(中国)通信有限公司,北京100120

出　　处：《中国发明与专利》2020年第12期13-24,共12页China Invention & Patent

摘　　要：专利损害赔偿扮演着激励创新者投入研发与承担研发并商业化创新发明风险的重要角色。为了确定合理的专利许可费率用于专利侵权诉讼中的损害赔偿数额计算,美国法院发展出了最小可销售专利实施单元的概念。最小可销售专利实施单元概念是美国专利损害赔偿法中的一项证据原则,在适当情况下用以作为协助陪审团确定专利侵权诉讼中损害赔偿金的数额,而该损害赔偿金数额应根据涉案专利的最小组成元器件为基准来计算合理的专利权使用费率。本文概述最小可销售专利实施单元概念在美国判例法中的发展,并从技术层面和经济学的角度探讨此项概念以及此概念的不足之处。本文认为,最小可销售专利实施单元概念作为专利诉讼中的专利许可费率计算基础是有问题的,而此概念作为现实生活中的专利许可谈判时使用的专利许可费率基础更是问题重重且不切实际的。Patent damages play important roles in appropriately rewarding innovators for their investment and risk-taking in research and development and the commercialisation of inventions.To calculate a reasonable royalty rate as damages for patent infringement,US courts have developed the smallest salable patent-practicing unit(SSPPU)doctrine.SSPPU is an evidentiary principle in US patent damages law that calls for—where appropriate to assist juries in determining damages for patent infringement—calculating a reasonable royalty rate on the basis of the smallest component practicing the patent in question.The present article overviews the development of the SSPPU doctrine in US case law,as well as the shortcomings of the doctrine from a technical and economic perspective.The present article maintains that the SSPPU doctrine is problematic as a royalty calculation base for patent litigation and even more problematic and unpracticable as a royalty calculation base for real-life licensing negotiations.

关 键 词：最小可销售专利实施单元 美国专利法 专利侵权 专利侵权损害赔偿 合理的专利许可费 

分 类 号：D923.42[政治法律—民商法学]