《狂人日记》中的“吃人”与中国文化及“国民性”——兼论“吃人”是否中国风俗  

Cannibalism in A Madman’s Diary and Its Relation to Chinese Culture and“the National Character”——A Concurrent Discussion on Cannibalism as a Chinese Custom

作　　者：张钊贻[澳][1,2] Chiu-yee Cheung(School of Historical and Philosophical Inquiry,University of Queensland,Brisbane,QLD 4072,Australia;School of Culture and Communication,Beijing International Studies University,Beijing 100024,China)

机构地区：[1]澳大利亚昆士兰大学历史与哲学探索学院,澳大利亚布里斯班市4072 [2]北京第二外国语学院文化与传播学院,北京100024

出　　处：《海南师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2021年第1期2-10,共9页Journal of Hainan Normal University(Social Sciences)

摘　　要：《狂人日记》所记“吃人”事实,有象征意义的理解,也有实指的解读,两者互为补充。文章通过中外“吃人”历史的比较和分析,结合笔者对鲁迅中国文化和“国民性”问题的理解,认为“吃人”并非中国文化和“国民性”本身所特有,“吃人”实际上违背中国文化的目标和理想,只是“国民性”堕落的结果。在世界范围内,事实和象征意义的“吃人”与“不再吃人”的较量其实并没有终结,“不再吃人”的社会文化还有待大家争取和捍卫。The act of“cannibalism”recorded in A Madman’s Diary has both symbolic and actual interpretations,which complement each other.Through a comparison and analysis of the history of“cannibalism”at home and abroad,combined with the author’s understanding of Lu Xun’s view on Chinese culture and the“national character”,this paper holds that“cannibalism”is not unique to Chinese culture and its“national character”,and that“cannibalism”is actually against the goal and ideal of Chinese culture,and is also an outcome of the degeneration of the“national character”.On a global scale,the struggle between cannibalism and anti-cannibalism,in both its factual and symbolic sense,is still going on,and a society and culture free from cannibalism still needs to be fought for and defended.

关 键 词：鲁迅 “吃人” 文化传统 “国民性” 

分 类 号：I206.6[文学—中国文学]