松辽盆地古龙页岩油储层压裂裂缝扩展机理与压裂工程技术  

Fracture propagating mechanism and fracturing engineering technology in Gulong shale oil reservoirs of Songliao Basin

作　　者：张永平[1,2] 魏旭 唐鹏飞 张浩[1,2] 刘宇 邓大伟[1,2] 王海涛 ZHANG Yongping;WEI Xu;TANG Pengfei;ZHANG Hao;LIU Yu;DENG Dawei;WANG Haitao(Research Institute of Oil Production Engineering,Daqing Oilfield Co Ltd,Daqing 163453,China;Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Stimulation,Daqing 163453,China)

机构地区：[1]大庆油田有限责任公司采油工程研究院,黑龙江大庆163453 [2]黑龙江省油气藏增产增注重点实验室,黑龙江大庆163453

出　　处：《大庆石油地质与开发》2020年第3期170-175,共6页Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing

基　　金：国家科技重大专项“大型油气田及煤层气开发”(2016ZX05046-006)。

摘　　要：古龙页岩油储层分布广,有机质丰度高、演化程度适中,是大庆油田勘探开发重要的接替领域。由于受页岩储层层理发育等因素影响,缝高延伸受限,导致储层改造体积较小,且压裂裂缝扩展机理认识不清。在考虑页岩储层层理缝、天然裂缝发育的基础上,建立了页岩储层压裂裂缝扩展的数值模型,分析了压裂裂缝扩展规律及其主要影响因素。理论研究结果表明:提高缝内压力和施工排量能有效增加层理缝的开启数量;增大施工排量可明显提升压裂裂缝高度,最优施工排量为17 m^3/min;高黏度压裂液有利于提升压裂裂缝高度,低黏度压裂液有利于层理缝的开启;最优裂缝间距为15 m。矿场试验结果表明:采用冻胶提升裂缝高度、注入滑溜水沟通层理缝、小级差加砂的压裂工程技术能有效改善页岩储层改造效果。研究结果为松辽盆地古龙页岩油储层体积压裂工程技术研究提供了理论基础和矿场试验经验,对大庆油田可持续发展具有重要意义。Gulong shale oil reservoirs are characterized by wide distribution,high-abundance organic matter and moderate-degree evolution,which are the important substitute area for the exploration and development of Daqing Oilfield.Due to the influences of the developed bedding of the shale reservoirs and other factors,the fracture height extension is limited,which leads to small stimulated reservoir volume and moreover unclear mechanism of the fracture propagation.Based on the considerations of the bedding fractures and natural fracture development in the shale reservoirs,the numerical model of the fracture propagation in the shale reservoirs was established to analyze the propagating law and the main influencing factors.The theoretical research results show that increasing the pressure inside the fractures and the operation displacement can effectively increase the opened number of the bedding tractures;increasing the displacement can significantly increase the height of the fractured fracture,the optimal discharge is 17 m^3/min;the high-viscosity fracturing fluid is beneficial to increase the height of the fracturing crack and the low-viscosity fracturing fluid is beneficial to the opening of the bedding fractures;the optimal fracture spacing is 15 m.The field test results show that the fracturing technology can effectively improve the reservoir stimulation effects of the shale reservoirs with the help of the increased fracture height by the gel,the communicated bedding fractures by injecting the slick water and small-differential sand adding.The study achievements have provided the theoretical basement and field test experience for the study on the volume-fracturing engineering technology in Gulong shale oil reservoirs,which has an important significance for the sustainable development of Daqing Oilfield.

关 键 词：古龙页岩油储层 层理缝 施工排量 裂缝高度 压裂工程技术 

分 类 号：TE357.1[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]