基于地租理论的养殖用海海域使用金定价机制探讨  

The Pricing Mechanism of Sea-use Fee for Aquaculture Sea Based on the Land Rent Theory

作　　者：郭昕 纪建悦[1,2] 许瑞恒 GUO Xin;JI Jianyue;XU Ruiheng(School of Economics,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China;Institute of Marine Development,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学经济学院,青岛266100 [2]中国海洋大学海洋发展研究院,青岛266100

出　　处：《海洋开发与管理》2020年第12期31-36,共6页Ocean Development and Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“蓝色粮仓背景下考虑生态环境约束的我国海水养殖业效率测度、发展模式与优化路径研究”(71573238);国家自然科学基金项目“蓝色粮仓背景下我国海水养殖业绿色技术进步测度、方向性评价与优化研究”(71873127)。

摘　　要：为进一步推动我国海域有偿使用制度的顺利实施、促进海域资源市场化的有效运作以及提升海洋资源的开发利用效率,文章以养殖用海海域为例,概述地租理论的发展历程、我国养殖用海海域使用金征收现状和海水质量状况以及基于地租视角的养殖用海海域使用金制定标准。研究结果表明:我国养殖用海海域使用金的制定存在年代久远、现势性较差以及不同地区差别较大等问题;为在经济层面上实现海域所有权,国家应向海域使用者征收绝对海租;由于海水质量和地理位置等因素直接影响养殖用海等海域开发利用活动的整体效果和经济利益,也应根据不同资源禀赋收取级差海租。因此,从地租角度考察养殖用海海域使用金的制定,应是绝对地租和级差地租的综合体现。In order to promote the implementation of the system of paid use of sea area and the effective operation of the marketization of sea area resources,and improve the efficiency of the development and utilization of marine resources,this paper took the aquaculture sea as an example to summarize the development process of the land rent theory,the status quo of the collection of the sea area use fee for aquaculture in China and the sea water quality and the formulation standard of the sea area use fee for aquaculture based on the perspective of land rent.The results showed that:there were many problems that the formulation of the sea area fee for aquaculture in China was lagged,there were also significant differences in the use of the sea area in different regions;the state should levy absolute sea rent from the sea users in order to realize the ownership of the sea area on the economic level;as the quality of seawater,the geographical location and other factors that directly affect the overall effect and economic benefits of the development and utilization activities of the sea areas such as the sea for aquaculture,differential rents should also be charged according to different resource endowments.Therefore,from the perspective of land rent,the formulation of sea area use fee for aquaculture should be a comprehensive reflection of absolute rent and differential rent.

关 键 词：海域使用金 海域资源 海水质量 绝对地租 级差地租 

分 类 号：P748[天文地球—海洋科学] F301.4[经济管理—产业经济]