递增收益下分工经济的共赢结构与市场有效性研究  

The Win-Win Structure and Market Efficiency of the Economy of Labor Division under Increasing Returns

作　　者：赵志君[1] ZHAO Zhijun(Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing,China)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院经济研究所,100836

出　　处：《经济学动态》2020年第9期46-58,共13页Economic Perspectives

基　　金：国家重点研发项目“金融风险的计量理论与方法”(2018YFA0703900);中国社会科学院创新工程项目“公司治理、创新与高质量发展”的资助。

摘　　要：本文针对不完全信息环境,引进满意价格、共赢市场、随机需求、随机供给和随机均衡等新概念,在纠正既有理论缺陷的基础上,发展杨小凯的劳动分工理论分析框架,建立了反映生产者—消费者自由选择和互动关系的新自由竞争市场模型,获得了市场供求双方的共赢条件。本文分析表明,虽然市场是一种供求双方寻求合作共赢的机制,但市场机制是存在缺陷的,它不能确保收入分配的公平,供求双方共赢只有在一定条件下才可能实现。由于信息的不完全性、个体理性与市场非理性之间的冲突,以无先验信息的不完全竞争作为逻辑起点,运用最优化和概率论等方法讨论自由竞争市场的结构和有效性,更能够清晰表达自给自足经济向分工经济演化的条件,同时消除新古典竞争理论中的逻辑悖论。本文的结论隐含着在市场经济中发挥政府积极作用的必要性。Under the incomplete information environment,we introduce new concepts such as satisfactory price,win-win market,random demand,random supply,and random equilibrium,to develop Xiaokai Yang's theoretical framework of labor division by correcting the existing flaws,and establish a new free competition market model that reflects the free choice and interactive relationship between producers and consumers to obtain win-win conditions for both market supply and demand.The analysis shows that although the market is a mechanism for both supply and demand to seek cooperation and win-win,the market mechanism is flawed and it cannot ensure the fairness of income distribution.A win-win situation for both supply and demand can only be achieved under certain conditions.Due to the incompleteness of information and the conflict between individual rationality and market irrationality,we use imperfect competition without prior information as a logical starting point,and use methods such as optimization and probability theory to discuss the structure and effectiveness of a free competitive market,clearly derive the conditions for the evolution from the autarky economy to the economy of labor division.In the meanwhile,we eliminate the logical paradox in the neoclassical competition theory.The conclusion of this study implies the necessity for the government to play an active role in the market economy.

关 键 词：劳动分工 共赢条件 市场结构 收入分配 随机均衡 

分 类 号：F42[经济管理—产业经济]