基于生态系统服务评估的农地生态补偿机制研究进展  

Research progress on farmland ecological compensation mechanism based on ecosystem service evaluation

作　　者：李霜 聂鑫[2] 张安录 LI Shuang;NIE Xin;ZHANG Anlu(School of Economics and Trade,Hubei University of Economics,Wuhan 430205,China;School of Public Policy and Management,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China;College of Public Administration,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北经济学院经济与贸易学院,武汉430205 [2]广西大学公共管理学院,南宁530004 [3]华中农业大学公共管理学院,武汉430070

出　　处：《资源科学》2020年第11期2251-2260,共10页Resources Science

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究项目(17YJC790078);湖北省教育厅人文社会科学研究项目(17Q138);国家自然科学基金项目(71973038)。

摘　　要：为推进生态保护与修复,中共中央对生态补偿制度体系建设提出了新的指导意见,并在重点区域进行了实践。但是,生态系统服务空间供需错位导致参与主体不明确,生态补偿标准不统一阻碍机制的稳定运行,影响了生态补偿机制的实施效果。因此,本文剖析生态系统服务供给和需求的概念,总结二者的相互关系,分析生态系统服务流的定义和传递过程,介绍生态系统服务评估的主要建模方法,同时归纳农地生态补偿机制构建、补偿标准确定和参与主体识别的现状。在此基础上,指出生态系统服务评估的不足之处和未来方向,概括生态系统服务建模方法的发展趋势,为农地生态补偿机制的设计和改进提出可行的方向和思路。根据分析和梳理得出主要的研究进展为:①目前的生态系统服务评估侧重功能和潜力,忽视了生态系统服务传递的中间过程;②生态系统服务的建模方法不断被完善,技术门槛逐渐提高,并更加注重多元化、交叉学科的融合;③农地生态补偿机制的方案设计亟需结合生态系统服务的空间流动属性进行改进。因此,合理地改进农地生态补偿方案,可根据农地生态系统服务流的空间流量分布测度生态补偿标准,并通过识别生态系统服务效益的接收对象确定参与主体,从而建立农地生态补偿机制的运行平台。In order to promote the ecological protection and restoration,the Party Central Committee has put forward new guidelines for the construction of ecological compensation system,and has carried out practice in key areas.However,the misalignment of supply and demand of ecosystem service leads to the uncertain participants and the inconsistent ecological compensation standards hinder the stable operation of the mechanism,which affects the implementation effect of the ecological compensation mechanism.Therefore,this paper analyzes the concept of ecosystem service supply and demand,summarizes the relationship between them,analyzes the definition and transport process of ecosystem service flow,introduces the main modeling methods of ecosystem service,and summarizes the current situation of farmland ecological compensation mechanism,compensation standards and identification of participants.Based on these,the shortcomings and future directions of ecosystem services assessment are pointed out,and the development trend of modeling methods of ecosystem services is summarized.Furthermore,this paper proposes feasible directions and ideas for the design and improvement of agricultural land ecological compensation mechanisms.According to the analysis,the main research progress is as follows:(1)The current ecosystem service assessment focuses on the function and potential,and ignores the intermediate process of ecosystem service delivery;(2)The modeling methods of ecosystem services are constantly improved,the technical threshold is raising,and more attention is paid to the integration of diversification and cross-discipline;(3)The scheme design of farmland ecological compensation mechanism needs to be improved in combination with spatial flow attributes.Therefore,to reasonably improve the agricultural land ecological compensation mechanism,the ecological compensation standard can be measured according to the spatial flow distribution of the agricultural land ecosystem service flow,and the participants can be determined by identi

关 键 词：农地 生态系统服务评估 生态系统服务供给 生态系统服务需求 生态系统服务流 生态补偿机制 

分 类 号：F321.1[经济管理—产业经济] X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]