互联网“平台封禁”的反垄断法规制  

Platform Ban:An Analysis of Antitrust Law

作　　者：张江莉[1] 张镭 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学法学院

出　　处：《竞争政策研究》2020年第5期21-32,共12页Competition Policy Research

基　　金：2018年度司法部一般课题“数据竞争与算法竞争的反垄断规制”(18SFB2045)的中期成果。

摘　　要：平台封禁是互联网平台竞争中一类行为和现象的总称,包括平台经营者强制用户二选一、对其他平台或者应用内容不予直链、平台的降维与自我优化以及关闭API。如果是市场中的小平台对用户提出独家的要求,或者决定对平台内容进行限制,抑或通过API政策决定合作对象,一般会被认为是市场中的经营自由。当平台成长到一定规模,经营者的这些“封禁”行为便有了“垄断”的嫌疑。但是,要真正在法律上确认平台“垄断”,必须要经过界定相关市场、评估企业在其中的市场力量、考察行为合理性等一系列法定的步骤。平台封禁行为可能会涉嫌违反反垄断法关于排他性交易、拒绝交易、差别待遇等规定,这需要分辨“封禁”行为的具体类别,并结合与之相对应的具体制度和规定,进行综合判断。The platform ban,a type of platform competition has aroused people’s attention to the expanded power of platforms,including exclusive choosing,refusal to web-jump,refusal to open API,self-preferencing and dimensional reduction.The platform ban can be considered as free-market behaviors if they are small and medium enterprises or they are cooperating through specific API license.However,if the platforms have market power,they can be monopolies.If these behaviors are harmful to effective competition under the antitrust law,a test is essential to adopt,which is defi ning the relevant market,measuring market power,and analyzing damages to the competition and other legal steps.In the matter of damages to competition,it’s important to analyze the nature of these behaviors under antitrust law and it involves a discussion of exclusive dealing,refusal to deal,differential treatment,and API neutrality.Since platform competition is a new form of competition and antitrust law enfo rcement agencies may lack relevant experience􀀀laws and regulations need to be taken into account to make a comprehensive judgment according to every type of the platform ban.

关 键 词：平台封禁 反垄断 拒绝交易 差别待遇 

分 类 号：D922.294[政治法律—经济法学]