社会变革和制度文化制约下的“多尺度嵌入”——以缅甸莱比塘铜矿项目为例  

Multi-scalar embeddedness under transition:A case study of Chinese investment in Letpadaung,Myanmar

作　　者：高菠阳[1] 刘卫东[2,3,4] 宋涛[2,3,4] 冯锐 计启迪[2,3,4] GAO Boyang;LIU Weidong;SONG Tao;FENG Rui;JI Qidi(School of Management Science and Engineering,Central University of Finance and Economics,Beijing 100081,China;Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China;Key Laboratory of Regional Sustainable Development Modeling,CAS,Beijing 100101,China;College of Resources and Environment,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;School of Economics and Statistics,Guangzhou University,Guangzhou 510006,China)

机构地区：[1]中央财经大学管理科学与工程学院,北京100081 [2]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101 [3]中国科学院区域可持续发展分析与模拟重点实验室,北京100101 [4]中国科学院大学资源环境学院,北京100049 [5]广州大学经济与统计学院,广州510006

出　　处：《地理研究》2020年第12期2718-2730,共13页Geographical Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41871115,41530751);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA20010102);中国科学院重点部署项目(KFZD-SW-321)。

摘　　要："一带一路"倡议的深入推进加速了中国企业对外投资的步伐。而对于这些"走出去"的企业而言,往往面临着东道国社会环境及治理结构变革、制度制约、文化冲突等多重挑战。此前经济地理学提出的"主动嵌入"和"被动嵌入",并不能完全解释"一带一路"倡议背景下中国企业在"走出去"过程中所呈现的"外资"与东道国治理结构、地方制度文化环境之间的复杂相互作用关系。本研究构建了"全球-国家-地方"多尺度嵌入的分析框架,以缅甸莱比塘铜矿为例,阐释企业如何通过多样化制度创新,顺应东道国的社会变革,突破制度和文化的制约,从而取得政府、企业、当地社区"多赢"局面的合作模式,从而从新的视角理解制度的多尺度性和尺度之间的相互作用。研究发现:尺度要素之间存在耦合关联作用,且作用模式有不同的组合,同时多个尺度要素的嵌入和影响过程也存在时序效应。最后,结合莱比塘案例,为中国企业"走出去"提出了政策建议。The in-depth promotion of the Belt and Road Initiative has accelerated the pace of outward foreign direct investment of Chinese enterprises.These"going out"enterprises often face multi-scalar challenges such as the reform of the host country’s social and political environment,institutional constraints,and cultural conflicts.The"active embeddedness"and"obligated embeddedness"proposed by the early economic geographers cannot fully explain the correlation between the"foreign capital"and the host country’s governance structure and the local institutional culture in the process of"going out"of Chinese enterprises under Belt and Road Initiative.This article argues that the process of outward investment is influenced by"multi-scale"factors from the global,national and local levels,and the key to success is for enterprises to make timely adaptive adjustments in dynamic environmental changes to better embedded locally.By constructing an analysis framework of"global-national-local multiscalar embeddedness",it explains how Chinese enterprises are embedded in the social reform of the host country and break through the constraints of institutions and culture through social innovations.A cooperative model of the"win-win"situation of the government,enterprises and local communities had been built,so as to understand the multi-scalar and inter-scalar connections from a new perspective.Taking the Letpadaung Copper Mining Project invested by China in Myanmar as an example,the Chinese firm Wanbao has taken multi-scalar actions to embed into the political,economic and social environment of the host country.On a global scale,Wanbao has considered the international relations with major countries such as the United States and Japan and the influence of western non-governmental organizations on the global production network and local areas.On the national scale,the cooperation model between foreign capital and different political parties,economic benefits and employment of host countries,ethnic and religious issues as well have been

关 键 词：多尺度嵌入 “一带一路”倡议 对外投资 制度尺度 莱比塘铜矿 

分 类 号：F125[经济管理—世界经济] F416.1