一种快速鉴别湖北钉螺(Oncomelania hupensis)雌雄性的方法  

A quick way to discriminate between male and female of Oncomelania hupensis

作　　者：刘敏锋 吴明煜[1] 吴长春[2] 吴昊宇 柯文山[1] LIU Minfeng;WU Mingyu;WU Changchun;WU Haoyu;KE Wenshan(School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China;Hubei Light Industry Technology Institute, Wuhan 430070, China)

机构地区：[1]湖北大学生命科学学院,湖北武汉430062 [2]湖北轻工职业技术学院,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《湖北大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第1期28-32,共5页Journal of Hubei University：Natural Science

基　　金：生态经济型血防林构建技术研究与示范项目资助。

摘　　要：湖北钉螺(Oncomelania hupensis)是一种雌雄异体的腹足纲动物,作为日本血吸虫(Schistosoma japonicum)唯一的中间宿主,控制湖北钉螺是血吸虫病防治的关键环节,快速鉴别钉螺雌雄的方法可为血吸虫病的防治和科研工作提供理论依据.分别用室内鉴定、野外鉴别室内复查的方法,对湖北荆州钉螺进行了清洗、刺激、定位,观察等步骤,选取其头部和触角伸出的钉螺,用镊子夹住钉螺使其螺口朝左,整个螺体位倾斜向右,在奥林巴斯解剖显微镜观察钉螺头部与螺壳空隙.如果观察到有粉红色的阴茎,可以辨别为雄性钉螺,反之,则是雌性钉螺.湖北荆州钉螺在室内45 min内100只钉螺鉴别的正确率从5月份的92.60%到6月份的97.68%,最后7—8月的检测正确率达100%,平均每个钉螺被成功鉴别的时间大约在30 s之内完成.在室外60 min内100只钉螺鉴别的正确率达93.83%,平均每个钉螺被成功鉴别时间的大约在40 s内完成.此方法为快速、简单、准确辨别钉螺的雌雄提供有效的参考.Oncomelania hupensis is a dioecious gastropod.As the only intermediate host of Schistosoma japonicum and Oncomelania hupensisis is the key to Schistosoma japonicum control.The rapid identification of male and female Oncomelania hupensis provides a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of Schistosoma japonicum.The oncomelania hupensis was cleaned,stimulated,located and observed by means of indoor indentification and field identification with indoor review respectively.The oncomelania hupensis with its head and antennae was selected,and clamped the oncomelania hupensis with tweezers to make left,and tilted the whole position to the right.The gap between the head and shell of the Oncomelania hupensis was observed under the Olympus anatomical microscope.If a pink penis was observed,it could be identified as male oncomelania hupensis,and vice versa.The indoor identification accuracy of 100 Oncomelania hupensis in Jingzhou,Hubei Province in 45 minutes increased from 92.60%in May to 97.68%in June.Finally the detection accuracy reached 100%in July and August,the average time for each snail to be successfully identified was about 30 seconds.The correct rate of outdoor identification was 93.83%in 60 minutes and the average time for each snail to be successfully identified was about 40 seconds.The method is fast,simple and accurate indentification of male and female in Oncomelania hupensis.

关 键 词：湖北钉螺 雌雄鉴别 快速 

分 类 号：Q955[生物学—动物学] R532.21[医药卫生—内科学]