电控膜生物反应器技术回顾与展望  

Review and prospect of electrical membrane bioreactor technology

作　　者：于伯洋 苏帆 孙境求[2,3] 田家宇 胡承志 YU Boyang;SU Fan;SUN Jingqiu;TIAN Jiayu;HU Chengzhi(School of Civil and Transportation,Hebei University of Technology,Tianjin 300401;Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049)

机构地区：[1]河北工业大学土木与交通学院,天津300401 [2]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,环境水质学国家重点实验室,北京100085 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2020年第12期4215-4224,共10页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.51978646);中国科学院前沿科学重点研究项目(No.QYZDY-SSW-DQC004)。

摘　　要：电控膜生物反应器(Electrical membrane bioreactor,eMBR)在膜生物反应器中引入电极反应、电场效应,将膜分离技术、微生物降解以及电化学水处理技术有机结合,提升出水水质、减缓膜污染、强化产生物气,对构建"碳中和"型污水处理技术模式具有重要科学意义和应用价值.近年来,膜材料科学和反应器设计不断发展,推动eMBR技术进步,在强化污染物去除、电化学控制膜污染和微生物电化学响应原理方面取得重要进展;对eMBR的研究出现新态势:注重导电膜/膜电极材料研制与应用、回收污水中资源与能源、短流程-无药剂的反应器构造和工艺设计.本文总结回顾了国内外相关研究,分析了eMBR的基本特征和优势功能,重点关注膜污染电控原理以及微生物的电场响应机制,并展望了eMBR的发展趋势,以期推动电驱动膜分离技术的研究与应用.Electrical membrane bioreactor(eMBR) introduces electrode reaction and electric field into membrane bioreactor, which combines membrane separation technology, microbiol degradation and electrochemical technology, leading to the improvement of effluent water quality, reduction of membrane fouling, and the enhancement of the gas production. It has exhibited important scientific significance and application value for constructing "carbon neutral" sewage treatment technology. In recent years, the continuous improvements in membrane material science and reactor design have facilitated the development of eMBR technology, and made important progress in strengthening the removal of pollutants, electrochemical control of membrane fouling and microbial electrochemical response mechanism. New trends have emerged in the eMBR research that the investigations are now focusing on the development and application of conductive membrane/membrane electrode materials, the recovery of resources and energy in sewage, and the design and construction of short-process-no-dosage reactor. This article reviews the relevant research, analyzes the basic characteristics and advantages of eMBR, focuses on the electrical control mechanism of membrane fouling and the response of microorganisms to electric field. The prospect of eMBR has been discussed as well, for the sake of promoting the development and application of electrically driven membrane separation technology.

关 键 词：膜生物反应器 膜污染 电化学 膜电极 超滤 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]