生物过滤饮用水深度处理:机遇与挑战  

Applications of biologically active filtration in drinking water advanced treatment processes: Opportunities and challenges

作　　者：刘超[1,2] 李耿贤 刘航 刘莹子 任宇铭 周煜杰 高凡 LIU Chao;LI Gengxian;LIU Hang;LIU Yingzi;REN Yuming;ZHOU Yujie;GAO Fan(Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049;Key Laboratory for Northern Urban Agriculture of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Department of Resources and Environment,Beijing University of Agriculture,Beijing 102206)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,中国科学院饮用水科学与技术重点实验室,北京100085 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]农业农村部华北都市农业重点实验室/北京农学院资源与环境系,北京102206

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2020年第12期4240-4248,共9页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：中国科学院饮用水科学与技术重点实验室专项经费(No.20Z01KLDWST);北京农学院2020年度“实培计划”项目。

摘　　要：源水水质的恶化给传统的饮用水处理工艺带来了挑战.生物过滤是饮用水消毒输配之前管理、维护及增强颗粒滤料表面生物活性以去除有机和无机物的过程.由于具有高效、低成本等优点,生物过滤在饮用水深度处理工艺中逐渐得到广泛的应用.本文综述了生物过滤在饮用水处理过程中对水中溶解性有机质(消毒副产物前体物)的去除、微量污染物的削减、嗅味化合物及氨氮的去除等.此外,针对生物过滤在水深度处理过程中存在的问题,本文详细讨论了含氮消毒副产物前体物的生成、低温下生物过滤效能下降等挑战,并提出了今后需要研究的问题.The deteriorated source water quality results in great challenges for drinking water quality and treatment technologies. Biofiltration is an operational practice of managing, maintaining, and promoting biological activity on granular media in a filter to enhance the removal of organic and inorganic constituents in water prior to the final disinfection and introduction into the distribution system. Due to its high effectiveness and low cost, biofiltration has been increasingly used in drinking water advanced treatment processes worldwide. This paper reviews, in a comprehensive manner, the application of biofiltration in drinking water treatment, including the removal of dissolved organic matter serving as the precursors of disinfection byproducts(DBPs) in the downstream disinfection process, the abatement of micropollutants and taste and odor compounds, the nitrification of ammonia, etc. In addition, this critical review highlights the challenges during the applications of biofiltration, such as the formation of nitrogenous DBP precursors, decreases in performance of biofiltration at cold temperature, etc. This review also identifies several knowledge gaps that can be addressed in future.

关 键 词：生物过滤 水深度处理 生物活性炭 消毒副产物 微量污染物 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]