内蒙古秸秆饲料化利用特征、困境与政策建议  

Characteristics,predicaments and policy recommendations of straw feed utilization in Inner Mongolia

作　　者：红霞 刘春艳 Hong Xia;Liu Chunyan(College of Economics,Minzu University of China,Beijing,100081,China;College of Finance,Inner Mongolia University of Finance and Economics,Hohhot,010070,China)

机构地区：[1]中央民族大学经济学院,北京市100081 [2]内蒙古财经大学金融学院,呼和浩特市010070

出　　处：《中国农机化学报》2020年第12期84-89,共6页Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization

基　　金：国家社科基金项目(19XMZ079)。

摘　　要：内蒙古秸秆资源丰富,畜牧业发展基础好,具有巨大的秸秆饲料化利用潜力。合理利用秸秆资源不仅有助于减少秸秆焚烧、改善生态环境,还有助于降低草食家畜饲草料成本、提高农牧业综合生产能力。通过实地考察和文献资料查阅,内蒙古秸秆饲料化利用形成以半农半牧区养殖户为主、青贮与黄贮饲料制作技术以及农户自行收储运为特征的发展模式;目前存在秸秆资源供需错配、机械化水平低、利用成本高等发展困境。为进一步推动内蒙古秸秆饲料化利用,建议促进秸秆资源供需有效对接,实现秸秆饲料化利用;加快秸秆饲料化利用机械研发与技术推广力度,提升饲料化利用效率;加大政府财政扶持力度,切实降低农牧民秸秆饲料化利用成本。Inner Mongolia has abundant straw resources and good foundation in livestock husbandry development.It has great potential in the utilization of straw fodder.Rational utilization of straw resources not only helps to reduce the burning of straw and improve the ecological environment,but also helps to reduce the cost of forage for herbivorous livestock and improve the comprehensive production capacity of agriculture and animal husbandry.Through field investigation and literature review,it was found that the utilization of straw feed in Inner Mongolia had formed a development mode characterized by farming-pastoral region farmers were the major users of straw fodder,silage and yellow corn silage as the main straw fodder production technology,and farmers self-collection,storage and transportation were the main operation ways.At the same time,the straw forage utilization in Inner Mongolia had the problems of mismatch between supply and demand in straw resources,low level of mechanization,and high utilization cost.In order to further promote the utilization of straw fodder in Inner Mongolia,it was suggested to promote the effective connection between supply and demand of straw resources.In addition,it was needed to accelerate the research and development of mechanization and the promotion of technology of straw fodder,to improve the efficiency of straw fodder utilization;ultimately.It was recommended to enhance the government financial support,to effectively reduce the cost of straw fodder utilization for farmers and herdsmen.

关 键 词：秸秆 饲料化利用 草食家畜 内蒙古 

分 类 号：S816.5[农业科学—饲料科学]