我国农产品批发市场批零兼营的问题与对策  

The Problems and Solutions of Mixed Operation with Retailof Agricultural Product Wholesale Market in China

作　　者：曾寅初[1] Zeng Yin-chu(School of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学农业与农村发展学院,北京100872

出　　处：《经济纵横》2020年第11期96-101,共6页Economic Review Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目“食品安全消费者行为与风险交流策略研究”(编号:71633005)的成果。

摘　　要：新冠肺炎疫情在个别批发市场的聚集性暴发,更加凸显了我国农产品批发市场“脏乱差”的问题,但是这个问题的解决并不仅仅是防控疫情的短期性需要。实际上,我国批发市场的“脏乱差”问题作为长期存在的“痼疾”已经影响到行业的整体形象和健康发展。促进批零分离是解决市场“脏乱差”问题的一个突破口。批零兼营的产生与我国农产品批发市场的特殊发展历史有关,而其长期延续则与市场经营和社会需求两方面有关,并呈现出购销商批零兼营和时空混杂经营两个特征。批零兼营增大了批发市场的人员聚集性和流动性,突显了市场基础设施的不完善性,迟滞了农产品购销商组织化程度的提高,阻碍了批发市场专业化管理水平的提升。因此,应明确逐步实现批零分离是农产品批发市场的发展方向,并采取推进改革试点、设立附属零售设施、批发业务优化调整、商业模式创新和引入批发代理制等措施,确保农产品批发市场的有序健康发展。The cluster outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic in individual wholesale markets has further highlighted the“dirty,disorderly and bad status”of China’s agricultural product wholesale markets,but the solution of this problem is not just a short-term need for epidemic prevention and control.In fact,the“dirty,disorderly and bad status”problem of wholesale market,as a long-standing“disease”,has affected the overall image of the industry.Promoting the separation of wholesale and retail is a breakthrough in solving the problem of“dirty,disorderly and bad status”market.The emergence of wholesale and retail sales is related to the special development history of China’s agricultural product wholesale market,and its long-term continuation is related to both market operation and social demand,and presents two characteristics of wholesale and retail sales and time-space mixed operation.The wholesale and retail business has increased the concentration and mobility of the wholesale market,aggravated the imperfection of market infrastructure,delayed the improvement of the organization of agricultural product purchasers and sellers,and hindered the improvement of the professional management of the wholesale market.Therefore,it is necessary to make it clear that the gradual realization of the separation of wholesale and retail is the development direction of the agricultural product wholesale market,and measures such as the promotion of reform pilots,the establishment of subsidiary retail facilities,the optimization and adjustment of wholesale business,the innovation of business models,and the introduction of a wholesale agency system to ensure the orderly and healthy development of the agricultural wholesale market.

关 键 词：新冠肺炎疫情 农产品批发市场 批零兼营 批零分离 

分 类 号：F323.7[经济管理—产业经济]